Device for promoting electrostatic spinning of high-viscosity polymer melt by using rod-climbing effect

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for promoting electrostatic spinning of a high-viscosity polymer melt by using a rod-climbing effect, and belongs to the field of electrostatic spinning. The device mainly comprises a receiving device, a temperature sensor, a bent material barrel, a straight material barrel, a heating ring, a piston shaft, an end cover, a pressurizing device, a motor frame, a motor, a rotary needle, a sealing ring, a spinning head and a high-voltage electrostatic generator. A spinning material can be a polymer particle, powder, a section or a melt; the receiving device adopts various modes such as a conductive flat plate, a conductive net, a roller and the like; the spinning head is made from a conductive material such as metal and the like, and the inner diameter of the spinning head is smaller than 1 millimeter; and the pressurizing device can be implemented by a weight-adding manner or adopts a micro propeller. By using the rod-climbing effect, the problem that the polymer material which is high in viscosity and easy in degradation at high temperature is poor in spinning effect; therefore, an ultrathin fiber can be prepared from the high-viscosity polymer melt by electrostatic spinning at lower temperature.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to an electrostatic spinning device for high-viscosity polymer melt, belonging to the field of electrostatic spinning. Background technique [0002] In 1944, Walsenburg publicly performed a very interesting experiment at Imperial College London, England, rotating an experimental rod in a beaker with a viscoelastic fluid (a non-Newtonian fluid). For Newtonian fluid, due to centrifugal force, the liquid surface will be concave; while for viscoelastic fluid, it moves toward the center of the cup and climbs up the rod, and the liquid surface becomes convex, even when the rotating speed of the test rod is very low. This phenomenon can also be observed when , which is the famous pole-climbing effect. [0003] The basic principle of melt electrospinning is that the melt gradually deforms under the action of a high-voltage electrostatic field after passing through the spinneret hole. When the electric field force is greater than the surf...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] For typical materials commonly used in industry such as polypropylene and polyethylene, ultrafine fibers can be successfully spun by melt electrospinning, but for materials with high viscosity and low decomposition temperature such as polylactic acid (PLA), Polycaprolactone is easily thermally degraded due to high spinning temperature during melt electrospinning, which requires a method that can continuously gather high-viscosity melt to the nozzle at a lower temperature and device

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