Multi-chamber catalytic cracking gasifier

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-cavity catalytic cracking gasification furnace which comprises a shell, an inverted cone-shaped furnace inner container, a furnace cover, a blanking rod, partition plates, an electric heating wire and a fan, wherein the fan is fixed on a bottom plate; a heat insulating material layer is arranged inside the shell; a cavity is formed between the heat insulating layerand the inverted cone-shaped furnace inner container and is divided into a combustible gas storage chamber, a catalytic reaction chamber and a tar collection chamber by an upper partition plate and alower partition plate; the catalytic reaction chamber is divided into four catalytic regions by a vertical partition plate; a nickel-based catalyst is filled in the catalytic reaction chamber on the side close to the cone-shaped furnace inner container; composite sealing is adopted between the furnace cover and the furnace body; and the blanking rod and the furnace cover are fastened and sealed by using two semicircular sealing blocks. Through the gasification furnace, easily condensable tar and high molecular gas in primary gasification gas are further cracked into small molecular combustible gas, so that the efficiency of the furnace is increased; the sealing problem of the gasification furnace is solved; and the furnace has a compact structure, is clean, sanitary and convenient to operate and is particularly suitable for rural households.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a solid fuel domestic stove used by rural households, in particular to a multi-chamber catalytic cracking gasifier. Background technique [0002] At present, most users in rural areas still use straw, sawdust, branches, etc. as fuel to support daily life. This method is smoky, unhygienic, inconvenient, and low in efficiency. All agricultural and forestry combustible plants such as straw, sawdust, and branches are biomass. Biomass is an important renewable energy, which is widely distributed and has a huge quantity. However, due to its low energy density and dispersion, it is difficult to deal with large-scale centralized treatment, while biomass gasification technology can achieve high utilization on a small scale. Combustion is carried out under the environment, so that most of the combustible substances are converted into combustible gas, which can be used for power generation or cooking after cooling and purification. Bio...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] (1) A single-chamber gasifier disclosed in Chinese patent application CN200910014783 has a gas filter box fixedly connected to the right side of the gasifier wall, and a tar cleaning port is installed under the side wall of the gas filter box, which can only be easily cleaned. The tar is filtered or condensed, the tar is not better utilized, and the condensed tar is difficult to handle, which will cause pollution;

[0005] (2) A nickel-based catalyst biomass gasifier disclosed in Chinese patent application CN201020594861, although the catalyst is introduced into the gasifier to crack macromolecular gas and tar, but the catalyst is placed in the lower part of the stove, and the contact time with the gas is too long. Short, affected by the temperature of the catalyst, the cracking efficiency is not high;

[0006] (3) The sealing performance is not good. At present, the seal between the gasifier cover and the furnace body is generally sealed by water seal or rubber gasket. The water seal is simple, but the sealing effect is not good, and it is easy to produce sewage containing a large amount of tar, which is not clean Hygienic; rubber gaskets are easily polluted by tar and sticky, inconvenient to use, easy to age, and have a short service life;

[0007] (4) When the furnace is running, the middle part of the raw material is burned out, and the surrounding raw materials are difficult to be used; the sealing between the blanking rod and the top cover has not been solved;

[0008] (5) It is inconvenient to use and the utilization rate of biomass is low. There are generally multiple control valves in the existing gasifier, and the distribution is scattered and not concentrated, and the operation is complicated

Images