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Gas diffusion layer for fuel cell

A gas diffusion layer, fuel cell technology, applied in fuel cells, solid electrolyte fuel cells, electrical components, etc., can solve problems such as increasing fuel cell temperature, blocking reaction gas passages, and deteriorating fuel cell power generation performance, and achieves improved startup. Sex, the effect of preventing freezing

Inactive Publication Date: 2012-04-18
NISSAN MOTOR CO LTD +1
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

As a result of the generated water freezing, the reactant gas passage is clogged, thereby degrading the power generation performance of the fuel cell.
It also causes the problem of requiring a lot of energy to raise the temperature of the fuel cell to restart the fuel cell in a short time

Method used

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  • Gas diffusion layer for fuel cell
  • Gas diffusion layer for fuel cell
  • Gas diffusion layer for fuel cell

Examples

Experimental program
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preparation example Construction

[0169] The preparation method of the membrane electrode assembly is not particularly limited, and any known method can be applied. For example, a method of transferring or coating the catalyst layer onto the electrolyte membrane by means of hot pressing, drying it, and assembling it to the gas diffusion layer, or by coating the catalyst layer onto the microporous layer side of the substrate layer ( Or if not including the microporous layer on the substrate layer side) and drying it to prepare two gas diffusion electrodes (GDE) and fitting the gas diffusion electrodes to both sides of the electrolyte membrane by hot pressing. Coating conditions and assembly conditions of hot pressing and others can be adjusted arbitrarily depending on the type of electrolyte membrane and electrolyte (perfluorosulfonic acid and hydrocarbon) in the catalyst layer.

[0170] (isolation film)

[0171] When a fuel cell stack is constructed by connecting unit cells of a plurality of fuel cells in ser...

Embodiment 1

[0183] (1) Preparation of the gas diffusion layer of the anode

[0184] (a) Waterproof treatment of gas diffusion substrate

[0185] As the gas diffusion substrate for the anode, a water repellent treatment was applied to the gas diffusion layer using the same carbon paper (thickness: 200 μm) used on the gas diffusion substrate contained in the gas diffusion layer of the cathode described later. Aqueous PTFE dispersion (D1-E, product of Daikin Industries, Ltd.) was used for waterproof treatment. The content of PTFE in the carbon paper after the waterproof treatment was 10% by mass.

[0186] (b) Preparation of microporous layer (MPL)

[0187] Activated carbon powder (average particle size: 3 μm; raw material: coconut shell; micropore volume: 0.85 cm) will be used as water-absorbing material 3 / g), carbon black (average particle diameter: 1 μm (secondary particle diameter)) as conductive carrier particles, and the same ones as those used in the aforementioned water repellent ...

Embodiment 2

[0193] Except that the mass ratio of activated carbon powder: carbon black: PTFE is selected as 5:6:2, the gas diffusion layer of the anode is prepared by the same method as that used in Example 1 (1), wherein the gas diffusion layer thus prepared Has a microporous layer (thickness: 30 μm, amount per unit area: 17 g / cm2) containing water-absorbing material on a gas diffusion substrate 2 ). The pore volume of the gas diffusion layer and the pore volume of micropores were calculated similarly to the case of Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0194] A unit cell for evaluation was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1(2) except that a special gas diffusion layer was used.

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Abstract

Disclosed is a gas diffusion layer to be used for a fuel cell wherein the gas diffusion layer is provided with a means capable of further improving cell startability in a low-temperature environment (startability at a degree below zero). Specifically disclosed is a gas diffusion layer for a fuel cell wherein the pore volume of micropores is 2.010-4 cm3 / cm2 or more.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention relates to a gas diffusion layer for a fuel cell, a membrane electrode assembly for a fuel cell and a fuel cell based thereon. Background technique [0002] A polymer electrolyte fuel cell ("PEFC") is constructed with multiple unit cells stacked to generate electricity. Each unit cell has a membrane electrode assembly ("MEA") comprising (1) a polymer electrolyte membrane (for example, Nafion (trademark) membrane), (2) a pair (anode and (cathode) catalyst layer (sometimes referred to as "electrode catalyst layer"), and (3) a pair of gas diffusion layers ("GDL") sandwiching the pair of (anode and cathode) catalyst layers for diffusing the supplied gas. The MEA included in each unit cell is electrically connected to an adjacent unit cell via a separator. A fuel cell stack is thus composed of these laminated and connected unit cells. The fuel cell stack can then function as a power generating device suitable for various purposes. ...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M4/86H01M8/10
CPCH01M8/0234Y02E60/523H01M4/8605H01M8/0241H01M4/8807H01M8/1002H01M8/1007Y02E60/50
Inventor 奥山阳三杉野学屋隆了江浜勲儿玉一史加藤博野见温雄难波隆文高根朋幸
Owner NISSAN MOTOR CO LTD
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