Gas state tritium activity measuring method

Abstract

The invention discloses a gas state tritium activity measuring method with a low activity. The method is applied to a gas state tritium activity measuring device, and comprises collection of gas state tritium samples, calibration of measuring results when no standard gas state tritium samples exist, and proceeding of activity measurement for gas state tritium samples with unknown activities by means of using of calibration results. As for tritium samples with high activities, the tritium samples are diluted through choosing and using of buffer bottles in different sizes. After measurement is finished, different methods are adopted to clean a proportional counter according to the measured activities, and memory effect of residual gas state tritium for the proportional counter is reduced to the greatest extent. The gas state tritium activity measuring method can effectively use the tritium samples with the known activities to calibrate, achieves effective measurement of the tritium samples with different activities to obtain accurate activity values, and improves accuracy of the low background gas state tritium activity measuring method.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for measuring the activity of radioactive gas, in particular to a method for measuring the activity of gaseous tritium. Background technique [0002] Tritium, also known as tritium, is one of the isotopes of hydrogen. It is an important natural radionuclide widely existing in nature and also a low energy β emitter. Tritium naturally occurs in very small amounts in nature, mainly from seeds in cosmic rays and protons bombarding the atmosphere 16 O and 14N form. In recent years, after human beings have carried out tritium-producing activities, all kinds of tritium discharged to the surface or atmosphere in the form of gas, liquid or solid constitute an important part of environmental tritium sources. Tritium is an important radioactive gas nuclide emitted by the fission power operation reactor. The tritium leaked into the surrounding environment by various nuclear facilities will cause the increase of tritium activit...

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Problems solved by technology

[0009] Therefore, there are still many problems, for example, 1. How to change the working gas in the proportional counter from air to P10 gas to improve the detection efficiency of the detector; 2. A large number of avalanche effects in the proportional counter are that its output signal is a pulse signal The main reason is that the traditional measuring device cannot accurately process and analyze the signal output by the proportional counter, and the nuclear radiation signal may be submerged or the spectrum peaks may overlap, resulting in the phenomenon of "miscalculation" and "missing measurement". Therefore, There is an urgent need for a device that can conveniently and quickly inflate gaseous tritium in the air; 3. How to minimize the memory effect of residual gaseous tritium on the proportional counter, and use tritium samples with known activity to calibrate, so as to achieve different activity levels. The effective measurement of tritium samples can obtain more accurate activity values, which improves the accuracy of low-background gaseous tritium activity measurement methods

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