The invention discloses a hepatitis C virus (HCV) antigen-antibody combined detection kit. The kit comprises a microwell plate coated with an HCV chimeric antigen and an HCV monoclonal antibody, a sample diluent, an HCV antigen-antibody combined detection enzyme working fluid, an HCV abzyme working fluid, an HCV antigen enzyme working fluid, a substance A fluid, a substance B fluid, a 20-times concentrated washing fluid and a stopping fluid. The invention also discloses preparation and usage of the key components of the kit, such as the microwell plate of the HCV chimeric antigen and the HCV monoclonal antibody, the sample diluent, and the diluent of enzyme working fluid. The kit and detection method, disclosed by the invention, are able to be used for detecting the HCV antigen and antibody at the same time, or individually detecting the situation of the HCV antigen during the early hepatitis c or the acute infection period, or before the antibody is produced, or when an antigen-antibody compound is produced, or individually detecting the situation of the HCV antibody after the antibody is produced; the kit and detection method can be applied to early HCV detection and therapy evaluation, so as to provide important detection evaluation index for clinical guideline.