The invention provides a colloidal gold kit for detecting a diabetic nephropathy biomarker and a method. The kit comprises a sample pad, a gold standard pad, a nitrocellulose membrane, an absorbent pad and a support pad. The nitrocellulose membrane is provided with a first detection reagent strip, a second detection reagent strip, a third detection reagent strip, a fourth detection reagent strip,and a capture reagent strip successively. The first detection reagent strip coats an anti-IV-type collagen monoclonal antibody; the second detection reagent strip coats an anti-podocalyxin monoclonalantibody; the third detection reagent strip coats an anti-neutropil gelatinase-associated lipocalin monoclonal antibody; the fourth detection reagent strip coats an anti-liver fatty acid binding protein monoclonal antibody; and the capture reagent strip coats a second antibody binding the monoclonal antibody coated on the gold standard pad. According to the invention, with the colloidal gold kit,simultaneous and quantitative detection of various biomarkers of early diabetic nephropathy can be realized; the cost for detecting early diabetic nephropathy is saved; and the detection efficiency isimproved.