High-yield Cultivation Method of Wheat No-tillage-Maize Plowing Years in Huanghuaihai Region

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of Huang-Huai-Hai region wheat and maize production systems, and relates to a cultivation technology for improving the grain yield of the Huang-Huai-Hai region in one year through optimizing the one-year wheat and maize production technology and selecting and using applicable varieties and the application method of the cultivation technology, in particular to a Huang-Huai-Hai region wheat tilling-free maize-tilling one-year grain high-yield cultivation method. According to the Huang-Huai-Hai region wheat tilling-free maize-tilling one-year grain high-yield cultivation method, multiple spike type wheat varieties which are strong in early-matured tiller capability and in middle-matured tiller capability are adopted and are sowed in a tilling-free mode, middle-matured dense-resisting varieties and late-maturing dense-resisting varieties are adopted by the maize varieties, matched machinery is utilized to till soil and carry out fine sowing, and the technical scheme of weed and pest control work is conducted properly. According to the technical scheme, utilization efficiency of agricultural production resources such as moisture, light, temperature and nutrient is effectively improved, and one-year grain yield level of the Huang-Huai-Hai plain winter wheat and summer maize production system is significantly improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of wheat and corn production systems in the Huang-Huai-Hai area, in particular to the cultivation technique and application method for improving the annual grain yield in the Huang-Huai-Hai area by optimizing the annual wheat and corn production technology and selecting suitable varieties, specifically in the Huang-Huai-Hai area High-yield cultivation method of wheat no-tillage-corn plowing year-round grain. Background technique [0002] The Huang-Huai-Hai area includes all of Shandong and Henan in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, Huai River, and Hai River basins, most of Hebei, central and southern Shanxi, Guanzhong of Shaanxi, and Xuhuai area of ​​Jiangsu Province. This area belongs to the warm temperate semi-humid climate type, with a frost-free period of 170- 220 days, rich in light and temperature resources, short of water resources and mainly concentrated in June to September, the area ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The water stored in the soil before wheat sowing is inactively consumed due to plowing, and the hard surface of corn stubble for direct seeding causes a large amount of runoff in the rainy season, which not only wastes precious water resources, but also causes the loss of soil and nutrients.

[0020] In addition, more than 60% of the arable land in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain has returned all wheat and corn stalks to the field. Due to the large amount of corn stalks in the corn season, the deep plowing and fine land preparation before wheat sowing are particularly easily disturbed by a large amount of corn stalks, resulting in wheat seedling shortage. The monopoly phenomenon is common, so farmers usually crush the corn stalks twice before deep plowing, rotary plowing, and raking. The process of land preparation is very labor-intensive and time-consuming

[0021] 2. The combination of wheat and corn varieties is unreasonable

As a result, there is an idle period between corn harvest and wheat sowing, which not only wastes light and temperature resources, but also intensifies the ineffective evaporation of soil moisture, which is not conducive to the maintenance of soil moisture when wheat is sown.

[0022] 3. The use of fertilizer is unreasonable, and the proportion of wheat seed fertilizer is too high

Farmers are generally used to applying a large amount of chemical fertilizers into the soil when plowing the land, but it takes about 200 days (from early October to early April of the following year) for wheat from sowing to jointing. During this period, wheat is always in the seedling stage. The root system is weak, the aboveground part grows slowly, and the nutrient demand is low. The nutrients applied to the soil are lost after leaching of irrigation water and denitrification, which not only increases the production cost of farmers but also causes the height of underground drinking water sources" Three nitrogen "pollution

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