A small hole strengthening method and device based on ultrasound

Abstract

The invention provides an ultrasonic based method and an ultrasonic based device for reinforcing a small hole, and belongs to the reinforcement field of part surfaces. A piezoelectric ceramic column (1) taken as a vibration component is connected to an ultrasonic generator (6) after polarization and positioned at the interior of the small hole in place; the inner wall of the small hole (7) is impacted through the rotation and radial motion of the piezoelectric ceramic column (1) for honing and reinforcing the small hole. The inner wall of the small hole is impacted by utilizing the rotation and the radial vibration displacement of the piezoelectric ceramic column, and the surface of the small hole is honed, so that the surface roughness is reduced, certain plastic deformation is generated for the inner wall of the hole so as to cause residual stress; the inner wall of the small hole is reinforced, thus the finishing processing and reinforcement problems of the small hole are solved, and particularly the reinforcement problem of the small holes with the diameters of 2mm to 5mm is solved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of component surface strengthening, specifically small holes with a diameter of 2 mm to 5 mm, and is especially suitable for finishing and strengthening the inner surface of small holes with severe stress concentration. Background technique [0002] In the mechanical structure of aerospace and other fields, the hole plays an important role in the mechanical connection mechanism. Generally speaking, the hole is the stress concentration part of the whole part, and the parts often fail from the position of the hole, resulting in the scrapping of the whole part. . In other words, the service life of the entire part is reduced due to the low life of the hole itself. Therefore, there is an urgent need for effective small hole strengthening and finishing processes, the purpose of which is to improve the mechanical properties of parts with holes, so that they have longer fatigue life during use. [0003] At present, domesti...

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Problems solved by technology

[0009] Patent CN101126117A describes a laser shock treatment method for hole structures. The implementation method is to place a mandrel or a bushing in the hole before laser shock hardening, and the mandrel or bush is flush with the surface of the hole to complete the laser shock hardening. After removing the mandrel or bushing, the feature of this patent is to open the hole first and then strengthen it. The mandrel or bushing is added to ensure that the hole position will not be deformed after laser shock strengthening and ensure the quality of the strengthened hole. However, this This kind of strengthening method is likely to make it difficult or impossible to remove the mandrel or bushing from the small hole after laser shock strengthening, and it is easy to cause damage to the small hole

[0010] The polarization method is to use the characteristic of the polarized material to vibrate with an external sound field after being polarized to realize the conversion of sound energy into mechanical energy. However, there is no report about using the polarization method to excite ultrasonic waves to generate radial displacement to achieve small hole strengthening.

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