Spacesuit face window fastening structure and fastening method

Abstract

A fastening structure for a space suit visor, comprising a space suit helmet (1) and a visor (2) mounted on said helmet. The periphery of the visor (2) is provided with a frame (3), and a mounting structure fitted to the helmet (1) is formed on said frame (3). The frame (3) comprises a compression component (31) and a fastening component (32). As the compression component (31) is fitted to the visor (2), pressure is applied to the fastening component (32), thereby producing a prestressing force and fastening the visor (2) in place. In the fastening structure, visor bolt holes are unnecessary, thus the stress equilibrium of the visor (2) itself is not affected, the original strength of said visor (2) is maintained, and no weak spots are introduced therein. A prestressed frame (3) is created about the periphery of the visor (2), forming a structure capable of bearing the stress of the whole of the visor (2) and the space suit helmet (1) such that forces such as pressure differentials borne by the visor (2) can be transferred to the space suit helmet (1) via said prestressed frame (3), thereby ensuring the structural integrity and the stability of the visor (2).

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a spacesuit structure in the field of national defense construction and aerospace, in particular to a fastening structure and a fastening method for a spacesuit surface window. Background technique [0002] With the gradual advancement of the aerospace industry, astronauts will work more frequently outside the cabin. The window on the spacesuit helmet is a key part of the spacesuit. In addition to having good optical properties, the safety performance such as pressure resistance and air tightness mainly depends on the fastening connection between the window and the spacesuit. [0003] In order to meet the requirements of astronauts for environmental observation when working outside the cabin, spacesuit windows are mostly transparent parts such as glass with good optical performance and certain strength, but they are brittle materials with low impact strength, low tensile strength, compression, etc. Low strength, low bearing st...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0006] 1. During the manufacturing and processing process, the surface window of the spacesuit will have certain defects or residual stress more or less, including grinding, polishing and annealing, etc., which will damage the internal stress balance of the surface window itself; The process of warehousing, storage or assembly may lead to the gradual enlargement of the defect or stress, and there will be a greater safety hazard in the future

[0007] 2. The processing technology of the arc-shaped facing window is more demanding, and there must be certain errors in the processing size or radian of the facing window. Similarly, there is a flatness error at the contact surface between the spacesuit helmet and the facing window, or there is a flatness error at the edge of the facing window. If the center of the screw hole is not completely aligned with the center of the corresponding hole on the helmet, or the bolt holes on the edge of the window have defects such as cracks, gaps, and poor polishing, the above situations will affect the attachment of the window to the spacesuit helmet. The degree of fit makes it difficult to install the window, or there is stress concentration after installation, and the interchangeability of the window products is poor

[0008] 3. When the spacesuit window is installed on the spacesuit helmet by inlaying, its structure cannot make the spacesuit surface window and the spacesuit helmet form an integral body, but when the spacesuit surface window is deformed due to temperature difference, pressure difference, etc. , the window and the helmet only rely on the adhesive force of the resin filling layer to resist the tearing force between the window and the helmet caused by deformation. When the adhesive force of the resin filling layer cannot resist the deformation caused by the window When the force is torn, the face window is easy to fall off from the spacesuit helmet, causing serious safety accidents

[0009] 4. When the spacesuit window is installed on the spacesuit helmet by means of bolt fastening, although its structure can make the spacesuit surface window and the spacesuit helmet form an integral body, opening the installation hole on the surface window has already damaged the surface window itself The internal stress balance of the screw hole has become a weak link in strength, coupled with the possible superimposed processing defects and assembly stress, cracks are easy to occur on the window, which will be a serious safety hazard

Under the conditions of such pressure difference and temperature difference, any small residual stress or assembly stress near the above-mentioned screw holes can easily be expanded into cracks, or even cracks, resulting in safety accidents such as the rupture of the surface window.

[0011] 6. Because the thermal expansion coefficients of the face window and the helmet are different, the thermal expansion coefficients of each layer of transparent body in the face window are different, and the degree of deformation is also different, and the law of changing with temperature is also very different, so when the pressure difference and When the temperature difference changes, in addition to the relatively rigid helmet that will limit the lateral deformation of the window, resulting in an increase in the lateral stress at the joint between the window and the helmet, other complex stress states will appear near the contact surface of the two. If it grows long, fatigue cracks will easily occur in weak places such as screw holes, until the failure of the window leads to catastrophic consequences

[0012] 7. Due to the heat transfer of bolts, if the surface window of the space suit is exposed to high temperature for a long time, the temperature will be transmitted to the surface of the bolt hole through the bolt and the effective supporting area of ​​the hole will be reduced. Wear and deformation are very detrimental to the strength and stability of the entire structure

[0014] However, with the progress of the times, the development of manned spaceflight has been paid more and more attention, and people's demand for spacesuits is also increasing. However, the core technology that can effectively improve the safety and convenience of spacesuit windows has not yet been resolved.

At present, there is no reasonable solution to this type of problem, and the present invention fills up the gap in this field

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