Multi-beam center wire feeding laser processing head and processing method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of laser processing, in particular to a multi-beam center wire feeding laser processing head and a processing method of the multi-beam center wire feeding laser processing head. The laser processing head comprises a wire feeding tube, a wire feeding nozzle and a plurality of identical optical modules, wherein the wire feeding tube and the wire feeding nozzle are located on the center axis of the laser processing head, the optical modules are rotationally and symmetrically distributed around the center axis, each optical module comprises a collimating lens set, a focusing lens set and a reflecting mirror set, lasers are transmitted to the processing head through a plurality of paths of optical fibers, a plurality of laser beams are focused on one point of the surface of a workpiece to form a molten pool after being collimated, focused and reflected by the optical modules, a metal wire is perpendicularly fed into the molten pool on the surface of the workpiece through the fire feeding nozzle, and the laser processing head moves on the surface of the workpiece according to a certain track so that the center wire feeding laser processing process can be achieved. Through the multi-beam center wire feeding laser processing head, center wire feeding in laser focusing light spots in circular symmetry distribution is achieved, and the processing quality consistency is guaranteed when the laser processing head moves in different directions.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of laser processing, in particular to a multi-beam center wire-feeding laser processing head and a processing method thereof, which can be applied to laser processing fields such as laser three-dimensional rapid prototyping, laser cladding, and laser welding. Background technique [0002] In the field of laser processing and manufacturing, a key technology is to transmit the laser and the metal material that needs to be melted to the processing position synchronously, and make the metal material be continuously, accurately and uniformly transported to the surface to be processed together with the focused spot along a certain trajectory. Scanning movement; the transported material absorbs high-density laser energy in the focused laser spot and instantly melts and forms a molten pool, completing the metallurgical process from rapid melting to solidification of the material, thereby realizing laser three-dimensional rapid...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Since the beam irradiation, molten pool heat conduction and heat radiation effect on the metal wire 110 are not uniform and symmetrical, if the scanning direction of the laser processing head is constantly changing during the processing, the metal wire and the laser beam will change relative to the moving direction. With different orientations and postures, the heat and force effects of the melting of the metal wire 110 in the molten pool 112 will change, so that the size, shape and surface roughness of the solidified melt channel will change greatly ; Especially for the three-dimensional rapid prototyping of complex surfaces, due to the continuous change of scanning trajectory and direction, the continuity of processing and the quality of the molten layer are more difficult to guarantee

In addition, it is often necessary to blow an inert protective gas around the molten pool to protect the molten pool from oxidation. Due to structural limitations, the protective gas can only be blown sideways when the wire is fed sideways, so the pressure on the molten pool is not uniform. disorder, poor protection

[0005] On March 18, 2009, a Chinese invention patent application with the title of "laser optical wire feeding cladding method and optical wire feeding device" and the publication number CN101386111A was published. The laser beam is focused into a hollow cone-shaped spot, and then the wire feeding tube is sent into the center of the cone-shaped hollow beam from the side, and then the wire material is vertically sent into the center of the spot by the wire feeding tube for processing; the method and device realize the Wire feeding is a relatively new wire feeding method, but its main disadvantage is that there is still interference between the wire feeding path and the laser beam, and the wire feeding tube has an adverse effect on the optical path.

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