Supercritical-fluid-based 3D electrodeposition machining device and method

Abstract

The invention provides a supercritical-fluid-based 3D electrodeposition machining device and method. The device comprises a carbon dioxide gas bottle, a high-pressure pump, a digital controller, a reactor, a moving anode assembly, a moving cathode assembly, a direct-current power supply and a cathode matrix serving as a machined part, wherein the reactor is internally provided with a mechanical stirrer; the moving anode assembly comprises a Z-directional linear motor, a driving lead screw, an anode connecting rod and a moving anode; the moving cathode assembly comprises an X-directional linear motor, a Y-directional linear motor, a guide rail, a moving block and a fixture; and when the supercritical-fluid-based 3D electrodeposition machining device is used, the moving anode and the cathode matrix are respectively and electrically connected with the anode and cathode of the direct-current power supply. The machining method mainly comprises the steps of carrying out chemical plating treatment on the cathode matrix in advance; mounting the cathode matrix; preparing a supercritical fluid; carrying out electrodeposition machining and after-treatment and the like. By using the supercritical-fluid-based 3D electrodeposition machining device and method, the electrodeposition speed can be effectively increased, the deposition quality can be improved, a complex and precise metal part can be prepared through electrodeposition in a three-dimensional space, and the application field of an electrodeposition technology is widened.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of electrochemical deposition processing, in particular to a device and method for 3D (three-dimensional) electrodeposition processing parts based on supercritical fluid. Background technique [0002] Electrodeposition technology in supercritical environment is a hot research topic at home and abroad. Supercritical Fluid (Supercritical Fluid) refers to a fluid between liquid and gas when a pure substance is above the critical point (critical pressure and critical temperature). Near the critical point, the physical properties of all fluids such as the density, viscosity, solubility, heat capacity, and dielectric constant of the supercritical fluid change rapidly. CO 2 The gas has the advantages of environmental protection, non-flammable, non-toxic, inert, abundant reserves, and the critical pressure (7.39MPa) and temperature (31.1°C) are not too high, so supercritical CO 2 Fluids are widely used. Due to s...

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Problems solved by technology

For example, the Chinese patent document with the authorized announcement number CN 101092716B discloses a supercritical fluid micro-electroplating molding process and its device, which uses SCF-CO 2 Forming microstructure parts for the electroplating environment, the metal electroplating layer obtained by this method is uniformly deposited on the surface, has no build-up, and the cast layer structure is fine and smooth, but the obtained cast layer parts are pre-lithographic (internal mold) shaped parts, It is impossible to flexibly prepare different types of 3D parts; another example is the Chinese patent document with the publication number CN 102146573A, which proposes a method for preparing nanocomposites by supercritical fluid electroforming, which is mainly prepared by electrodeposition under mechanical stirring assisted conditions For metal matrix nanocomposites, the electric field distribution is fixed. From the perspective of its parameter settings and cathode and anode settings, it cannot be effectively processed and prepared by electrodeposition in three-dimensional space.

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