Method for achieving optical visualization of low-dimensional nanomaterials

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for achieving optical visualization of low-dimensional nanomaterials, and one or more sublimable / volatile markers are deposited on the nanomaterials. The method comprises the following steps: the marker is placed in a vessel, and is heated in the atmospheric environment; a substrate containing the low-dimensional nanomaterials is placed above the marker, and the marker is deposited on the nanomaterials, and the substrate is taken down and observed by utilizing an optical microscope. The marker is selected from one or more of sublimed sulfur, metallo-organic compound, inorganic ammonium salt, carbamide, ammonium persulfate, paraffin or fatty acid. Compared with the prior art, the method is simple and high in applicability and controllability, the low-dimensional nanomaterials do not need to be pretreated, and the location of the nanomaterials under a common optical microscope is realized; the laboratory investigation and industrial manufacture as well as application of the nanomaterials are greatly convenient; the adopted marker can be controllably removed, pollution and destruction of nanomaterials do not exist, and the later use of the nanomaterials is not influenced.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for realizing direct observation of low-dimensional nanomaterials under an ordinary optical microscope or even naked eyes, and belongs to the technical field of nanomaterial characterization. Background technique [0002] Nanomaterials refer to materials with at least one dimension in the nanoscale range (1-100nm) in the microstructure or composed of them as basic units, and have been developed rapidly since the 1980s. Nanomaterials have unique structures and excellent properties such as force, electricity, heat, magnetism, and light, and have broad application prospects in nanoelectronic devices, biosensors, and optical devices. One-dimensional nanomaterials mainly include nanowires, nanotubes, nanobelts, nanorods, etc.; two-dimensional nanomaterials mainly include nanofilms, such as graphene. The development of nanomaterials has promoted and improved corresponding characterization techniques, such as scanning electr...

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Problems solved by technology

For example, HuangSM et al. (HuangSH, QianY, etal.J.Am.Chem.Soc.2008,130,11860–11861) achieved optical visualization of single-walled carbon nanotubes by electrochemically depositing silver particles, but in the liquid phase and it is necessary to make electrodes on carbon nanotubes; ZhangRF et al. (ZhangRF, ZhangYY, etal.Nat.Commun., 2013,4,1727) realized optical observation of carbon nanotubes by means of chemical vapor deposition of titanium dioxide, etc., but this method is applicable The range is very narrow, and it is only effective for suspended carbon nanotubes, but in practical applications, it is mainly carbon nanotubes on the surface of the substrate. In addition, titanium dioxide is not easy to remove, which affects the subsequent characterization and application of materials; WangJT et al. (WangJT, LiTY, et al.NanoLett .2014, 14, 3527-3533) used the method of water vapor condensation to realize the optical visualization of carbon nanotubes on the substrate, but because the tiny water droplets evaporate easily at room temperature, the visualization time is short, and this method is only applicable to the surface of the substrate. Carbon nanotubes, not valid for suspended carbon nanotubes

Chinese patent CN101191794A proposes a method for preparing a fluorescent biosensor based on a one-dimensional nanostructure, but the surface treatment of the nanostructure is required, and the excited fluorescence is observed with a fluorescence microscope. The method and equipment are relatively complicated, and there is no mention of this Applicability of the method to 2D nanomaterials

However, the above-mentioned markers can only realize the optical visualization of suspended nanomaterials, but the marker substances used have certain toxicity and have no visualization / marking effect on the nanomaterials on the surface of the substrate, and the markers cannot be removed by heating, which will affect the further development of nanomaterials. application

[0005] In summary, so far, there is no labeling method with strong applicability (applicable to both substrate surface and suspended nanomaterials), strong controllability, and pollution-free, to realize the labeling method of nanomaterials under ordinary optical microscope or even naked eye. Direct observation under the environment, so as to assist the positioning, manipulation, other characterization (such as Raman spectrum characterization) and device construction of nanomaterials; in addition, the marker should be able to be removed in a controllable manner to avoid contamination of nanomaterials, thereby Does not affect its subsequent use

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