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Novel hollow cathode

A hollow cathode, a new type of technology, applied in discharge tubes, electrical components, ion beam tubes, etc., can solve problems such as overheating and high power consumption, and achieve the effects of reducing anode discharge voltage, reducing power consumption, and improving discharge performance

Active Publication Date: 2016-05-25
HARBIN INST OF TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] The present invention aims to solve the problem that the existing low-current hollow cathode causes severe local overheating due to throttling effect in the top plate area of ​​tungsten material when it is working, and thus provides a new type of hollow cathode.

Method used

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  • Novel hollow cathode

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specific Embodiment approach 1

[0007] Specific implementation mode one: combine figure 1 Explain that a new type of hollow cathode in this embodiment includes a heat shield 1, a heater 2, a holding electrode 3, an emitter 4, a cathode tube 5 and a cathode top plate 6; a heat shield 1 is arranged inside the holding electrode 3 from outside to inside , heater 2, cathode tube 5 and emitter 4; emitter 4 is installed on the inner wall of cathode tube 5, cathode top plate 6 is installed on the bottom of cathode tube 5, and the middle part of cathode top plate 6 is provided with through hole 6-1, cathode The material of the top plate 6 - 1 is the same as that of the emitter 4 .

[0008] The heat shield 1, the contact electrode 3, the emitter 4 and the cathode tube 5 are all cylindrical structures. The through hole 6-1 is a circular through hole.

specific Embodiment approach 2

[0009] Specific implementation mode two: combination figure 1 Note that the material of the emitter in this embodiment is single crystal lanthanum hexaboride. The cathode top plate material is the same as the emitter material. The single crystal lanthanum hexaboride has a good structure, high purity (less impurities), strong anti-pollution and anti-poisoning ability, and strong electron emission ability, which can reach 30-40A / cm 2 , which is about three times the emission capability of polycrystals. In addition, the performance of single crystal lanthanum hexaboride is more stable, and the emission capability is easier to be activated. The power consumption of the cathode is reduced when the cathode is working at a low current, and the discharge performance of the hollow cathode is improved.

specific Embodiment approach 3

[0010] Specific implementation mode three: combination figure 1 Note that the diameter of the through hole 6 - 1 in this embodiment is 0.25 mm, and the depth of the through hole 6 - 1 is 1.0 mm. When the cathode top plate of the hollow cathode adopts the same parameters as the emitter material and the above parameters, when the cathode discharge current is 0.4A and the gas supply flow rate is 2sccm, the anode discharge voltage drops by 5V compared with the cathode top plate of tungsten material. or so, the cathode power consumption is reduced by 2W.

[0011] When the cathode discharge current is 0.4A and the air supply flow rate is 1sccm, the anode discharge voltage is reduced by about 2.5V and the cathode power consumption is reduced by 1W compared with the cathode top plate made of tungsten material.

[0012] When the cathode discharge current is 0.8A and the air supply flow rate is 1sccm, the anode discharge voltage is reduced by about 1.4V and the cathode power consumptio...

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Abstract

The invention provides a novel hollow cathode, relates to a hollow cathode for improving discharge performance of a low-current hollow cathode employing an emitter material as a top hole material instead of tungsten and aims at solving the problems of serious local overheat phenomenon and relatively high power consumption of a tungsten material top plate area caused by the throttling effect when an existing low-current hollow cathode works. The novel hollow cathode comprises a heat shield, a heater, a holding electrode, an emitter, a cathode tube and a cathode top plate, wherein the heat shield, the heater, the cathode tube and the emitter are arranged in the holding electrode from the inside to the outside; the emitter is arranged on the inner wall of the cathode tube; the cathode top plate is arranged at the bottom part of the cathode tube; a through hole is formed in the middle part of the cathode top plate; and the material of the cathode top plate is the same as that of the emitter. The novel hollow cathode is applied to an electric thruster.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a hollow cathode which uses an emitter material instead of tungsten as a top hole material to improve the discharge performance of a small current hollow cathode, and belongs to the technical field of hollow cathodes in electric thrusters. Background technique [0002] With its advantages of high specific impulse and long life, electric thrusters will be mainly used in tasks such as position maintenance, attitude adjustment and orbit transfer of high-orbit satellite platforms. Ion and Hall thrusters are currently the two most mature electric propulsion devices. The hollow cathode (Hollow Cathode, referred to as HC) mainly provides high-energy electrons and neutralizing ion plumes for the ionization of the propellant, and is the core component of the ion propulsion system and the Hall propulsion system. The hollow cathode is a single-point failure element, and once its discharge performance is greatly attenuated, it means the c...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01J27/02
CPCH01J27/022
Inventor 宁中喜李文博于达仁仝瑞杰刘晨光
Owner HARBIN INST OF TECH
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