Apparatus and method for producing oil by means of coal pyrolysis

Abstract

The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for producing oil by means of coal pyrolysis. The apparatus comprises a gasification furnace. A gasification nozzle is arranged on the top of the gasification furnace, a gasification chamber is arranged on the upper portion of the gasification furnace, a chilling chamber is arranged at the bottom of the gasification chamber, a bottom outlet of the gasification chamber is communicated with the chilling chamber via a downcomer, and a residue outlet is formed in the bottom of the gasification furnace. The apparatus is characterized in that the gasification furnace is connected with a pyrolysis chamber by a synthesis gas delivery passage, a coal nozzle is arranged on the top of the pyrolysis chamber, temperature reducing nozzles are arranged in the middle of the pyrolysis chamber, and a product outlet is formed in the bottom of the pyrolysis chamber. The apparatus and the method have the advantages that coal gasification and coal hydrogenation requirements can be simultaneously met without additional hydrogen sources; a gasification system and a pyrolysis system are independent from each other, accordingly, the apparatus and the method are favorable for stable running of reactors, and the apparatus can be advantageously enlarged.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to chemical equipment, in particular to a coal pyrolysis oil production device and a coal pyrolysis oil production method. Background technique [0002] The direct coal hydrogenation process mainly includes coal crushing and drying, coal slurry preparation, hydrogenation liquefaction, solid-liquid separation, gas purification, fractionation and refining of liquid products, and hydrogen production. The main process is: under high temperature and high pressure, the coal in the high-concentration coal slurry undergoes pyrolysis, undergoes hydrogenation and decomposition under the action of a catalyst, and finally becomes a stable liquid molecule. During the liquefaction process, the coal slurry made of coal, catalyst and cycle oil is mixed with the hydrogen produced and sent to the reactor. In the liquefaction reactor, coal first undergoes a pyrolysis reaction to generate free radical "fragments", and the unstable free radical "frag...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] In the existing coal direct liquefaction technology, the reaction pressure of the reactor is as high as 17MPa-30Mpa, and the hydrogen consumption is as high as 6%-10%. The process is complicated and the investment cost is high

In the process, not only a large amount of new hydrogen needs to be added, but also circulating oil is required as a hydrogen supply solvent, the production capacity of the device is reduced, the product composition of the liquefaction reactor is complicated, the solid-liquid two-phase separation is difficult, and the oil production rate is low

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