Synthesis method for imidazoline ampholytic surfactant

Abstract

The invention relates to a synthesis technique for a surfactant. The synthesis technique is mainly suitable for synthesizing an imidazoline derivative, especially an amine (hydroxyl) ethyl alkyl imidazoline ampholytic surfactant. The synthesis technique includes the following synthesis steps that fatty acid and polyamine are added into a four-opening flask according to the molar ratio of 1:(1-1.3), the temperature is raised to 140-220 DEG C, the vacuum degree is 0.05 MPa to 0.09 MPa, the reaction is carried out for 4 h to 7 h, and an imidazoline intermediate is synthesized; the end point of the reaction is determined by measuring the acid value and the actual water outflow amount; the synthesized imidazoline intermediate and sodium chloroacetate are subjected to quaternarization according to the molar ratio of 1:(1-3), the temperature of 75-95 DEG C, the time of 3 h-5 h, the pH range of 7-9 and the solid content of 30%-50%, and the imidazoline ampholytic surfactant is synthesized.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a synthesis technology of surfactants, which is mainly suitable for synthesizing imidazoline derivatives, especially amine (hydroxy) ethyl alkyl imidazoline amphoteric surfactants. Background technique [0002] Imidazoline amphoteric surfactants have low toxicity, no irritation, softness, antistatic properties, compatibility with anion, cation, and nonionic surfactants, biodegradability, wetting, foaming, emulsification, and dispersibility, etc. Excellent performance, widely used in cleaning agent, cosmetics, textile industry, antistatic agent and metal processing, etc. [0003] Imidazoline intermediates are important monomers for the synthesis of imidazoline amphoteric surfactants, and the quality of imidazoline intermediates is related to the smooth synthesis of imidazoline amphoteric surfactants. The main step of synthesizing imidazoline intermediates is to remove the water generated in the reaction. Generally, "normal pres...

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Problems solved by technology

"Normal pressure heating dehydration method" requires high temperature, long reaction time, and incomplete dehydration, amine is easy to oxidize, and consumes a lot of energy; although "vacuum heating dehydration method" makes the reaction proceed at a lower temperature, it can prevent Oxidation of air, but requires high sealing performance of the equipment, and the degree of vacuum is not easy to control. It is easy to extract the amine and discharge it to produce diamide; although the "solvent dehydration method" has stable water output and the amine is not easy to be taken out, it will increase the cost. Consumes a certain amount of latent solvent, and the use of latent solvent will also cause a certain degree of pollution and is not easy to recycle

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