Low-temperature condensation tar collecting device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of gas purification, and discloses a low-temperature condensation tar collecting device. The device comprises a tar condensing pipe, a secondary refrigerant heat preservation tank, a booster pump, a secondary refrigerant recycling tank and a tar collecting bottle; the tar condensing pipe comprises a U-shaped outer pipe and a U-shaped inner pipe; two ends of the U-shaped inner pipe are respectively provided with an air inlet branch pipe and an air outlet branch pipe; two ends of the U-shaped outer pipe are respectively provided with a secondary refrigerant inlet branch pipe and a secondary refrigerant outlet branch pipe; the secondary refrigerant inlet branch pipe is connected with the secondary refrigerant heat preservation tank through a first pipeline; the first pipeline is provided with the booster pump; the secondary refrigerant outlet branch pipe is connected with the secondary refrigerant recycling tank through a second pipeline; and a tar discharge branch pipe is arranged at the bottom of the U-shaped inner pipe. According to the low-temperature condensation tar collecting device disclosed by the invention, various ingredients of tar can be condensed by a low-temperature secondary refrigerant, and gas product condensation cannot be caused, so that high-efficiency tar collection and gas separation effects are achieved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of gas purification, and more specifically relates to a low-temperature condensation tar collection device. Background technique [0002] Coal combustion produces a large amount of polluting and toxic substances, which will have a serious impact on the ecological environment. Coal gasification technology can convert coal into high-grade gas fuel through thermochemical process, which is a clean coal technology. As a clean and renewable energy carrier with abundant resources and wide sources, the proportion of biomass in the energy consumption structure is increasing. Biomass gasification can also obtain high-quality gas fuel, which is regarded as a very promising thermochemical transforming technology. The gas products of coal gasification and biomass gasification can be used for power generation and as important chemical raw materials. However, both coal gasification and biomass gasification will inevitab...

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Problems solved by technology

These methods have their own shortcomings: 1) The condensation method is a method used more in research, usually using water, ice-water mixture or liquid nitrogen as the condensation medium

The temperature of water is generally room temperature, and the temperature of ice-water mixture is generally close to zero. These two condensing media have poor condensation effect on tar components with a dew point below zero; the temperature of liquid nitrogen is extremely low, and almost all tar can be condensed. However, The temperature of liquid nitrogen (-196°C) is lower than the boiling point of most of the gas products. When the tar is condensed, most of the gas products are also condensed, which causes the loss of gas and is not conducive to the collection and analysis of the gas; 2) solution The absorption method is also a commonly used tar collection method. Since the components of tar are mostly organic matter, this method usually uses organic solvents such as acetone, dichloromethane, methanol, and toluene as tar absorption solvents, and at the same time uses ice-water mixtures, ice-salt water and other condensing media Strengthen the absorption effect of tar, but the tar components are extremely complex, and different components have different solubility in organic solvents, so that organic solvents show selective absorption of different components in tar, so it is difficult to ensure effective absorption of tar; on the other hand, all The organic solvent used is volatile, and the tar collection effect is poor due to loss during the absorption process; and the solution absorption method usually uses more absorption bottles, and it is more cumbersome to separate and collect the tar from the organic solvent in the later stage; 3) Condensation method or solution absorption The method is usually to place the absorber in a container containing a condensing medium. These containers generally have poor heat insulation effect, and the temperature of the condensing medium increases during the tar absorption process, which will lead to a decrease in the tar absorption efficiency; on the other hand, the condensing medium is in the container. 4) The key to the tar adsorption effect of the solid-phase adsorption method lies in the adsorption performance of the adsorbent. The commonly used solid-phase adsorbents are active coke, molecular sieves, etc. with large specific surface areas. Although its tar adsorption effect is good, it needs thermal desorption to recover tar, the operation process is complicated and the tar recovery rate is difficult to guarantee

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