Vertical Deep Trough Bottom Unloading Mining Method for Huge Thick Potash Deposit

Abstract

The invention provides a vertical deep groove bottom-dump exploitation method for a great thickness potassium salt mineral deposit which overcomes the existing defects in the prior art. By changing a horizontal ore breaking to a vertical ore breaking, reducing layered times of the mineral deposit, self-sliding continuous ore transporting and backfilling of tailings with low cost, weight of equipment, power and energy consumption are reduced, cost of ore breaking is lowered, times of transferring to a new working face of a excavation working face is reduced, cost of transferring to a new working face is reduced, a transportation system is simplified, transportation efficiency is improved, transportation cost is lowered, filing technology system is simplified, filing cost is reduced, tailings are all backfilled at a low cost, the eco-environment protection problem of tailings stacking is solved, in the premise of safety, protective jambs are recycled, the protective jambs setting is reduced and the resources recovery rate is improved as much as possible, surrounding rock of a goaf is controlled and degree of safety and reliability of a mine is improved effectively, and safe, efficient, ecological, environment-friendly, sustainable and stable exploitation of the great thickness potassium salt mineral deposit with a thickness of more than 30 m is achieved; and the vertical deep groove bottom-dump exploitation method for the great thickness potassium salt mineral deposit can be applied to the field of salts mineral deposit exploitation.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a vertical deep groove bottom unloading mining method for extremely thick potassium salt deposits, which belongs to the technical field of salt deposit mining and is mainly applied to underground mining of extra thick potassium salt deposits with a thickness of more than 30 m and salt deposits with similar conditions. Background technique [0002] The world is rich in potassium resources, more than 90% are marine salt deposits, a small part is potassium-containing brine, and about 95% of potassium salts are used to produce potassium fertilizers. Potassium salt deposits mainly include potassium halite and carnallite ore. The tailings produced by potassium halite ore to produce potassium fertilizer are 3 to 5 times the sodium chloride solid of KCL products, and the tailings produced by carnallite ore to produce potassium fertilizer are KCL products are 2 to 3 times the sodium chloride solid and 4 to 8 times the magnesium chloride...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Therefore, the current mining methods for solid potash deposits all belong to the technical category of partial backfilling of gobs in horizontal room-and-pillar mining of solid deposits, which solves the problem of efficient mining of potash deposits with a thickness below 30m, but backfilling of tailings still seriously restricts mines When it is applied to the mining of extremely thick potassium salt deposits with a thickness greater than 30m, the disadvantages are more prominent. It is necessary to adopt the roadway layout method of layering along the thickness direction of the ore layer and mining layer by layer. The main problems are as follows Problems: (1) Mining equipment, transportation equipment and various supporting production systems need to be moved and reversed many times, and the cost of moving and reversed increases; (2) The transportation system is reloaded and overlapped many times, the production system is complicated, and the transportation efficiency is reduced , the transportation cost increases, and at the same time restricts the ore production capacity; (3) the way of mining equipment falling ore horizontally, while improving the mining capacity, it is necessary to ensure the stability of the equipment itself, and the weight and power of the mining equipment increase. The weight of mining equipment has increased to about 90-135t, and the power has increased to about 515-795kW; (4) The characteristics of the near-horizontal space structure of the goaf, in order to improve the filling rate, it is necessary to build filling facilities to discharge tailings section by section. Backfilling, the filling process system is complicated, the filling is difficult, and the filling cost is high; (5) Multiple stratification along the thickness of the ore seam makes it difficult to guarantee the filling rate, the difficulty of controlling the roof and the overlying strata increases, the safety hazards increase, and the degree of safety and reliability decreases (6) It is difficult to effectively connect the filling body to the roof, and a large number of protective pillars need to be left to control the surrounding rock in the goaf, and the resource recovery rate is reduced, which is about 20% to 30%; (7) The tailings sodium chloride solid and The magnesium chloride solution cannot be completely backfilled into the goaf, which brings ecological and environmental protection problems and restricts the sustainable and stable mining of the mine

To sum up, the mining method of partial backfilling of goaf in horizontal room-and-pillar mining of solid ore deposits mainly has the following problems: the number of relocation and relocation of the mining face is high, the cost of relocation and relocation is high, the transportation system is complicated, the efficiency is low, and the transportation cost is high. Large weight and power, high investment, high energy consumption, high cost of ore falling, complex filling process system, high filling cost, difficult surrounding rock control, low mine safety and reliability, many protective pillars and low resource recovery rate, Due to technical deficiencies such as inability to fully backfill tailings and prominent ecological and environmental protection issues, it is difficult to achieve safe, efficient, ecologically friendly, sustainable and stable mining of huge potash deposits with a thickness of more than 30m

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