155 results about "Salt deposit" patented technology

The amount of crystallized salt in an oil and / or gas well may be minimized or reduced by use of a fructan, such as inulin, or a derivative as a salt block inhibitor. A preferred salt inhibitor is the salt of carboxyalkyl inulin such as a sodium salt of carboxymethyl inulin. The salt block inhibitor may be adsorbed onto a water-insoluble adsorbent.

Provided are an atmospheric corrosion test procedure and an apparatus used for the test. The procedure involves a salt spray step for supplying salt content containing chloride ions on the surfaces of test pieces placed in a thermo-humidistat chamber and a subsequent dry-wet cyclic step including a dry sub-step for drying the surface of the test pieces in the thermo-humidistat chamber at a low relative humidity and a subsequent wet sub-step at a higher relative humidity than that in the dry sub-step, which are cycled. The salt content is supplied by spraying the salt water in the salt spray step. An exhaust step for removing the salt mist sprayed inside thermo-humidistat chamber is further inserted between the salt deposition step and the dry sub-step. The quantity of the salt content deposited on the surfaces of the test pieces is controlled by adjusting the quantity of the sprayed salt water.

The invention discloses a bronze-type horizontal salt rock oil gas reservoir and its building method. This invention get rid of the present problem of bronze-type vertical reservoir and provides a kind of product method that can build a bronze-type horizontal salt rock oil gas reservoir in a salt-rock samdwich and salt-hill-type mine bed. The oil gas reservoir presents bronze-type room, the section of which is almost round and which spreads along the layers. The spreading direction, the length and the radius of the horizontal bronze room are decided by the characteristics and the thickness. The invention takes the advantage of the technology of directional drilling and connecting well and the technology of controlling solution. No only the building speed is fast, but also the invention avoids the waste and pollution to raw oil by the oil cushion. It is building method which has a great capability, runs stably and safety, and is economy.

The basic principles of the method for heavy metals electroextraction from technological solutions and wastewater includes pretreating to remove Chromium-6 and high concentrations of heavy metals and periodically treating in a six-electrode bipolar cylindrical electroreactor made of non-conducting material to achieve lower accepted levels of impurities. Six cylindrical steel electrodes form two triode stacks and are fed with three-phase alternating current of commercial frequency (50-60 Hz), which can be pulsed. Each phase of the three-phase current is connected to three electrodes of one triode stack or in parallel to two triode stacks. The parallel connection of three-phase current to two triode stacks is performed so that the same phase of the three phase current is connected in parallel with each two opposite electrodes of six electrodes located along the periphery, or with two adjacent electrodes. A bipolar stationary aluminum electrode is situated in the inter-electrode space. In one of the embodiments, the bipolar electrode is made of a perforated heat-resistant plastic container filled with secondary aluminum and duralumin scrap. In another embodiment, the bipolar electrode of aluminum or duralumin scrap may be made without a perforated container and is placed in the inter-electrode space as a bulk scrap. In this case, to prevent shorts, each of six steel electrodes is placed in isolated perforated plastic shell with holes of 5 mm in diameter. Non-ferrous metals are extracted in a form of ferrite-chromites, and aluminates as well as hydroxyl salts deposited in the inter-electrode space without electrolysis deposits on electrodes. Deposits are separated from solution by known methods of filtration.

The invention discloses a method for inhibiting low-temperature denitration catalyst poisoning caused by SO2. A NO oxidation device is arranged at a flue gas inlet of a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) denitration facility, 5-70% of NO in flue gas is oxidized into NO2 by the NO oxidation device, the flue gas containing NO2 is fed into the SCR denitration facility at a space velocity of 1000-200000h<-1> and the flue gas is subjected to denitration purification at a temperature of 50-300 DEG C. Through a reaction of NO2 obtained by oxidation of NO and an ammonium salt deposited on the surface of the low-temperature denitration catalyst, the method can effectively inhibit SO2-ammonia gas reaction-caused deposition of ammonium salts such as ammonium sulfate and ammonium sulfite on the surface of the low-temperature denitration catalyst thereby inhibiting SO2-caused low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst poisoning so that a service life of the low-temperature denitration catalyst is prolonged and a SCR denitration operation cost is reduced.

The invention relates to an industrialized preparing method of extracting and purifying chenodeoxycholic acid from fowl and animal biles. Its process includes the steps of saponifying bile by lye, preparing calcium salt deposit of total bile acid, decolorizing by oxydol and active carbon, converting calcium salt deposit of chenodeoxycholic acid by sodium carbonate and HCl, purifying by the marcoporous absorbing resin, and so on. It has advantages of friend environment, safety and innocuity, low cost and be easy for large-scale operation.

The invention discloses a silicon-carbon composite electrode and a preparation method thereof. The silicon-carbon composite electrode is of a shell-core structure, wherein a core contains silicon powder, a hollow carbon sphere and an inorganic lithium salt compound, the hollow carbon sphere is doped into the silicon powder, and the inorganic lithium salt compound is electrically deposited between the silicon powder and the hollow carbon sphere; and a shell is a high-molecular polymer. According to the silicon-carbon composite electrode prepared by virtue of the preparation method, by utilizing lithium salt deposited on the surface of silicon, the lithium ion transmission rate during charging and discharging is increased, sufficient lithium ions are provided for the formation of an SEI membrane, the initial efficiency can be obviously improved, the expansion rate of a silicon material can be decreased, and the cycle performance of the silicon material can be improved; and meanwhile, the silicon-carbon composite electrode has the characteristics of high stability and strong stability at 100-150 DEG C, the contact between the lithium salt material and air can be avoided, and the processability and the safety performance of the lithium salt material can be improved; and furthermore, the polymer has relatively good dissolving property with an electrolyte solvent, so that the polymer can serve as lithium salt, and the initial efficiency, safety performance and energy density of a cathode material are improved.

The amount of crystallized salt in an oil and / or gas well may be minimized or reduced by use of a fructan, such as inulin, or a derivative as a salt block inhibitor. A preferred salt inhibitor is the salt of carboxyalkyl inulin such as a sodium salt of carboxymethyl inulin. The salt block inhibitor may be adsorbed onto a water-insoluble adsorbent.

The invention relates to a rapid solution construction method for a rock salt cavity, belonging to the field of salt deposit solution mining and rock salt cavity reservoir controlled solution construction. The method is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps that: (1) a single well is drilled from ground to a target deposit; (2) after a pipe string system is installed according a conventional method, direct and reverse circulating solution can be conducted to construct a cavity through a water filling pipe string system and a water draining pipe string system; and (3) in the process of direct and reverse circulating solution to construct the cavity through water filling and water draining, according to the variation of the size and the dimension of the cavity, the positions of water filling pipe columns and water draining pipe columns and the spacing thereof are adjusted in time to keep the migration velocity of fluid near the wall of the cavity and the rock salt solution velocity to be highest. Since the positions of water filling pipe columns and water draining pipe columns and the spacing thereof are scientifically adjusted to increase the convective diffusion velocity of solution near the wall of the cavity and to further increase the rock salt solution velocity and the cavity construction velocity, the goals of economic rock salt resource mining and high-efficiency rapid low-cost rock salt cavity construction are reached. The method is an ideal method for high-efficiency mining of rock salt and rapid solution construction of rock salt cavity reservoirs.

The noble metal regenerating and recovering method from electronic waste material includes pre-treatment of grinding, magnetically selecting and sieving to obtain noble metal containing powder; oxidation to loeaching through adding hydrochloric acid and complexing agent, dropping hydrogen peroxide while heating, leaching for at least 1.5 hr, eliminating superntant to obtain leaches liquid; addingiron powder into the leached liquid to obtain noble metal sludge via replacement; extracting from nobile metal sludge through leaching noble metal sludge, complex salt deposition, adding oxidant until producing chlorine and obtaining complex salt deposit; and purifying Pd. The present invention has the advantages of advanced technological process, low cost and high efficiency.

A torch for producing an inductively coupled or microwave induced plasma for use in spectrochemical analysis. The torch includes a central tube (25) for conveying a flow of a gas carrying sample aerosol to a plasma (17) produced in the torch. The tube (25) has an inlet (31) and an outlet (39) of smaller size than the inlet and is shaped to deliver a substantially laminar flow of the gas at the outlet (39). The tube (25) is tapered along at least a substantial portion of its length such that its cross-section area gradually and smoothly reduces towards its outlet (39) along at least a substantial portion of its length. It has been found that such a tapered tube is resistant to obstruction by salts deposited from samples containing high levels of dissolved solids.

The invention discloses a special corrosion and scale inhibitor for TRT, which is mainly used for the corrosion prevention of blast furnace gas excess-pressure turbine rotor blades. The special corrosion and scale inhibitor for TRT contains organic heterocyclic compounds, efficient corrosion inhibitor, surfactant, scale inhibition dispersant and water, wherein the weight percentages of the components are: 15 to 25 percent of organic heterocyclic compounds, 20 to 45 percent of efficient corrosion inhibitor, 2 to 5 percent of surfactant, 10 to 35 percent of scale inhibition dispersant and the balance being water. After the corrosion and scale inhibitor is added to a blast furnace gas pipeline, the corrosion and scale inhibitor can be heated and vaporized into gas by the temperature of gas so as to enter a TRT turbine device along the gas pipeline. Under the condition of continuous addition, the corrosion and scale inhibitor can prevent the generation of TRT blade salt deposit and attach a smooth protective film to the surface of a blade, so as to separate the blade from the outside, thereby playing a role in protecting the blade and prolonging the life span of equipment.

The invention discloses a treatment method of river polluted bed mud, comprising: adding oxidant into a polluted river to ensure that the bed mud on the surface layer is in the oxidation state; and preferably, adding water-solubility calcium salt and ferric salt. The invention ensures that the whole self-cleaning process of the river is in the aerobic state all the time by improving the oxidation reduction property of the polluted bed mud, thus creating conditions for aerobic microorganisms, amplifying bed mud aerobic microorganisms, and leading the aerobic microorganisms to digest organic pollutants; and in addition, the organic pollutants are completely oxidized and degraded into complete oxides such as CO2, H2O, NO2, SO4<-2> and the like, blackening and odor-causing substances, such as H2S, methyl mercaptan, FeS and the like produced during the anaerobic degradation of organic matters can be quickly oxidized, and the black and odor degree of water body can be effectively improved and remitted. Meanwhile, the calcium salt, the ferric salt and phosphorus-deposited nutritive salt are simultaneously added to lower river pollution degree and eutrophy level. The method of the invention has simple operation and strong selective pertinence, can treat in situ, almost does not damage the ecological balance of the original river and has favorable treatment effect.

The invention discloses filling paste prepared from salt deposit exploitation tail salt. The filling paste is characterized in that: tail salt prepared by performing ore dressing processing on sylvite or carnallite ore is taken as a filling substrate; the filling substrate mainly comprises NaCl and MgCl2, and hemihydrate gypsum CaSO4 1 / 2H2O is taken as a cementing material; NaCl serving as an aggregate for solidifying the filling substrate is added as required, and the concentration of a filling material is adjusted by controlling the adding amount of NaCl; and paste of which the mass concentration is 81-88 percent is formed by mixing and stirring the filling substrate with the cementing material. The invention further discloses a filling method for using the filling paste. High-concentration paste is prepared by using the tail salt and the cementing material, the paste filling material is solidified through a physical-chemical reaction after being pumped to an underground worked out section, and a filling body with certain strength can be formed without dehydration in a stope. Softening damage to ore columns and wall rock caused by water contained in filling slurry is avoided, and the ecological environments on the ground surface and the periphery of a mining area are protected effectively.

A system and method for performing hydrothermal treatment includes a reactor vessel having a pressure bearing wall. The surface of the pressure bearing wall that faces the reactor chamber is covered by a liner to protect the wall from exposure to temperature extremes, corrosives and salt deposits. The liner is formed with a porous layer and a non-porous, corrosion resistant layer. The corrosion resistant layer is positioned adjacent to the porous layer to seal the porous layer between the corrosion resistant layer and the wall of the vessel. Connectors extend through the wall of the reactor vessel to allow for fluid communication between the porous layer and an externally located pump. A heat transfer fluid can be selectively passed through the porous layer to maintain the temperature of the liner.

The invention relates to a cleaner and discloses a weak acid cleaner. The weak acid cleaner comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 20-30% of a main cleaner, 0.3-1.0% of a sweller, 1-3% of an auxiliary cleaner, 0.1-1.0% of a metal corrosion inhibitor, 0.5-1.0% of a surfactant and the balance of water. The invention further discloses a method for preparing the weak acid cleaner. Meanwhile, the invention discloses a method for removing GGH (gas-gas heater) hard scale by the weak acid cleaner. The weak acid cleaner can be used for thoroughly removing slightly soluble salt deposits such as sulfate and silicate in a GGH, does not corrode enamel, glass or the like, and does not have an adverse reaction when contacted with a human body; waste liquid after scale removal can be directly discharged into a wastewater treatment system of a power plant; the weak acid cleaner only needs to be used for removing the scale at normal temperature without being heated by steam, and is short in cleaning cycle and high in cleaning efficiency; the light transmittance reaches 100% and the scale removal rate is more than 98%; compared with a conventional GGH cleaner, the cost is reduced by more than 50%.

A carbon dioxide detector including a sensor component, where the sensor component has a colorimetric indicator salt of a colorimetric pH indicator and a lipophilic phosphonium quaternary cation, a transparent polymer vehicle or a plasticizer not being in a mixture with the colorimetric indicator salt; and a porous memory, a porous polymer membrane in one instance, the colorimetric indicator salt being deposited on a surface of the porous polymer membrane; the colorimetric indicator salt deposited on the porous polymer membrane does not include a transparent polymer vehicle or a plasticizer, and carbon dioxide detection systems using the detector.

A device for treating high-salinity wastewater by a rotary membrane evaporator comprises the rotary membrane evaporator, a steam compressor and a heat exchanger, and the evaporator adopts a vertical evaporation mode. The steam compressor compresses steam generated by a power plant boiler, and the compressed steam heats an inner shell of the evaporator. High-salinity wastewater is heated by the heat exchanger and then evenly distributed on the inner shell through a distributor to flow downwards, a magnetic scraper spreads the high-salinity wastewater flowing downwards, and salt scales left on the surface of the inner shell after the wastewater is evaporated are scraped down. A bottom scraper welded with a protective cover is arranged at the bottom of the evaporator, a main shaft drives thebottom scraper to rotate to scrape salt deposit deposited at the bottom, and a concentrated solution is discharged from a concentrated solution outlet. Wastewater steam is condensed and discharged through a drain valve. The device solves the problems that a conventional rotary film evaporator bearing is easy to abrade, difficult to replace and easy to corrode, the magnetic scraper is arranged to solve the problem that the concentration effect becomes poor due to the fact that a common scraper is easy to abrade, the bottom scraper is arranged at the bottom to prevent the concentrated solution outlet from being blocked, and an MVR technology is adopted to save more energy.

The invention relates to an activating process before chemical plating any hydroscopic substrate. Some activating solution containing palladium salt is evenly sprayed on a pretreated substrate surface by high-pressure atomizing or air-flow atomizing method, then metallic palladium particles are obtained by reduction treatment and used as a catalyst to activate the substrate surface. The palladium salt deposited on the substrate surface can be reduced into metallic palladium particles by hydrogen or diamine solution and used as a reaction catalyst for chemical plating. The invention is easy to operate, of low cost, and almost generates no waste liquid during operation; the activating liquid is steady and can be kept for a long term; nanometer metallic palladium particles will generate after activation, and the catalysis activity is high.

The invention discloses a method for solving problem of SO2 poisoning of a low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst. Basic gas reacts with metal sulfates deposited onto the surface of the catalyst; metal oxides are replaced out; the catalyst activity is recovered; the NO2 or NO and O2 are used for decomposing ammonium salt deposited onto the surface of the catalyst; the catalyst is prevented frombeing covered. The method has the advantages that the poisoned catalyst can be regenerated off line; the catalyst surface metal sulfates and ammonium salt generation and decomposition can reach dynamic balance on line; the catalyst active ingredients are not lost and are not covered by ammonium salt; the goal of resisting SO2 poisoning of the low-temperature SCR denitration catalyst is reached. The method can also be used for the regeneration of other SO2 poisoning catalysts, such as the generation of the SO2 poisoning methane catalytic oxidation catalysts. In addition, in the online use process, the method can also be used for converting some metal oxide dust in the smoke gas into effective active ingredients of the catalyst. The method has the advantages that the service life of the catalyst is effectively prolonged; the operation cost of the SCR system is reduced.

The present invention discloses an extraction method of the inorganic solvent of chenodeoxycholic acid in the avian bile. The first step is a saponification reaction, that is, the avian bile and sodium hydroxide are boiled and saponified according to a certain proportion, and the saponification lasts twenty to twenty four hours; the second step is a counteraction reaction, that is, saponification solution is counteracted by hydrochloric acid, the pH value is regulated to two to four, and after deposition, total bile acid is generated; the third step is the calcium salt deposition, that is, the total bile acid is resolved in oxyhydrogen sodium solution, and after the addition of activated carbon, refluence and filtration, the calcium salt deposit is obtained by adding ten to fourteen percent of calcium chloride into filtrate; the fourth step is decalcification, that is, sodium carbonate is added into calcium salt according to a proportion between ten percent and fifteen percent, heating and refluence last one to three hours, and the pH value of filtrate is regulated to 2.0 to 3.5 by five to ten percent of hydrochloric solution, so that deposit is obtained; the fifth step is the collection of the deposit, that is, the crude chenodeoxycholic acid is generated by vacuum drying. Ethanol and 120 # gasoline are not needed, the investment of equipment is reduced, the process cycle is shortened, and the cost of extraction is reduced.

The invention discloses a method for monitoring dirtiness of an insulator. The method comprises the following steps of: arranging an optical fiber on the insulator, connecting the optical fiber with a signal output device and a signal reception measuring and comparing device, removing the external cladding layer from the optical fiber, and determining the insulating dirtiness adhered onto the insulator by a fact that the light intensity in the optical fiber is affected when dirt is adhered to the surface of the optical fiber. According to the method, the insulator is provided with the naked optical fiber of which the skin is peeled off, dirt is adhered to the naked optical fiber in the use of the insulator, and then the light intensity of the optical fiber is affected, so that the insulating dirtiness adhered onto the insulator can be determined by the change of the light intensity. Compared with the existing salt deposit monitoring method, the method has the advantages that the dirtiness condition on the surface of the charged insulator can be directly monitored by light intensity, and the insulating property and the creep distance of the insulator are not affected.

The invention provides a supercritical water treatment device for treating organic waste. The supercritical water treatment device comprises a pressure proof shell, a double-layer reactor consisting of inner walls provided with micropores, a feed pipe, a discharge pipe and a high-pressure gas inlet pipe, wherein a reaction chamber is defined by the inner walls, and a cavity is formed by the pressure proof shell and the inner walls; the feed pipe and the discharge respectively pass through the pressure proof shell and the inner walls and are communicated with the reaction chamber; and the high-pressure gas inlet pipe passes through the pressure proof shell and is communicated with the cavity. The invention also provides a treatment method for the organic waste. According to the invention, the reaction chamber formed by the inner walls provided with the micropores is used as an occasion for a supercritical oxidation reaction, and reaction liquid is limited in the reaction chamber through high-temperature and high-pressure air; and meanwhile, when the high-pressure air enters the reaction chamber through the inner walls provided with the micropores, a gas film can be formed on the inner surfaces of the inner walls so as to stop inner wall or pipeline blocking caused by that salt deposited solid is adhered to pipe walls, and the reaction liquid is avoided from being in direct contact with the inner walls to reduce corrosion to the treatment device.

The invention discloses a complex salt rock underground and water dissolution joint cavity construction method. The method comprises the following steps of: 1) selecting a site for a rock salt deposit; 2) enabling a water dissolution drilled well to drill through a target rock salt layer; 3) arranging an underground vertical shaft at the center of a regular hexagon; 4) excavating in the underground vertical shaft till the bottom of the target rock salt layer; 5) excavating a communicating laneway to the bottom of the water dissolution drilled well; 6) constructing a groove in the rock salt layer at the bottom of the water dissolution drilled well; 7) cutting off rock salt and transporting to the ground; 8) mounting a sealing valve at the vertical shaft end of the communicating laneway after the end of groove construction; 9) closing the valve and continuously constructing a cavern in rock salt; 10) opening the sealing valve of the communicating laneway and discharging insoluble matters at the bottom of the cavern in rock salt to the bottom of the vertical shaft; 11) discharging the insoluble matters to the ground surface; and 12) sealing the communicating laneway after the end of construction of the cavern in rock salt. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the problem that the groove construction is difficult to perform in the rock salt with high content of the insoluble matters by water dissolution-process cavity construction can be solved; by adopting the method, the usable volume of a cavity can be improved by above 90% under the same geological conditions; and the overall economy is higher than that of a pure water dissolution cavity construction method.

The invention discloses a system for treating and separating solid-containing organic waste based on a supercritical water oxidation technology. The system comprises a solid-containing waste pretreatment module, a solid-containing waste preheating module, an oxidizing agent supply module, a supercritical water oxidation module, a follow-up product cooling and depressurizing module and a follow-upproduct online separation module. By means of a screw conveyer, a crusher, a vibrating screen, an iron remover and a grinding pump, the solid-containing waste is subjected to multi-stage crushing, screening and grinding, thereby being enabled to meet the feeding requirement of the supercritical water oxidation. Meanwhile, salt deposits possibly produced in the system are ground by adding quartz sand, and the problem of salt deposits and blockage of equipment such as a heat exchanger, a reactor and the like are solved. A two-stage separation measure with combination of a three-phase separator and a liquid-solid two-phase separator is adopted for gas-liquid-solid three-phase products obtained after the reaction, meanwhile, the liquid phase obtained through separation of a liquid-solid separator is subjected to cycling separation, so that liquid-solid separation efficiency is improved, furthermore, solid residues obtained after the reaction can be applied to brickmaking, ceramsite makingand sales, and economic efficiency of the system is improved.

The invention provides a detection method and a dynamic-static state combined simulation multifunctional experimental system based on conductometric titration dirt property parameters. The conductometric titration based dirt property parameter detection method can accurately control the concentration of calcium ions or carbanions in water solution to further control the forming time of calcium carbonate crystallization dirt, is convenient to accurately measure the induction period of the crystallization dirt, continuously compares the alternating impedance of horizontal electrode pairs with vertical electrode pairs on line, can accurately measure the induction period of particle dirt under the same condition, can obtain the dirt thermal resistance which is the most true to the actual operation condition and is measured at the dynamic station and can simultaneously measure the dirt amount, the dirt layer thickness and various parameters while detecting the induction period; and the system can quickly and accurately monitor the real-time change of the thickness of the dirt layer on the heat conduction surface and provide a credible and convenient tool for on-line detection for studying the change rule of measurement parameters caused by the forming process of salt deposit and influence thereof.

The invention relates to a dry-type cement filling method realized by the aid of extracted tail salt of a salt deposit. The dry-type cement filling method is characterized in that a filling material in the method is tail salt remained after beneficiation processing of sylvine or carnallite ores; the main ingredients of the tail salt are NaCl or NaCl and MgCl2; the filling material is solid, and is conveyed in a well by modes of drop shaft sliding, underground automobile conveying, belt conveying and the like; the filling method is used for cement filling; and when the main ingredients of the tail salt are NaCl and MgCl2, cementing agent is added in the filling material, and is clay or saturated NaCl brine. By the aid of tail salt dry-type cement filling, a filling body with the certain strength can be formed in a hollow area, damage of ore pillars and surrounding rocks can be prevented effectively, surface collapse and subsidence are prevented, and recovery safety is maintained. A large quantity of tail salt is utilized, occupied area of stacked tail salt is greatly reduced, and the ground surface of a mining area and surrounding ecological environments are protected effectively.

A heat recovery steam generator includes a gas inlet for receiving a flow of exhaust gas from a gas turbine, a gas outlet opposite the gas inlet and configured to transport the flow of exhaust gas to atmosphere, and a sorbent injection device intermediate the gas inlet and the gas outlet, the sorbent injection device including at least one injection port configured to inject a sorbent into the flow of exhaust gas. The sorbent is configured to react with an acid gas within the flow of exhaust gas to neutralize the acid gas and inhibit the formation of salt deposits.