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Nanoparticle electrocatalyst with Pt@Pd core-shell structure as well as preparation method and application of nanoparticle electrocatalyst

A nanoparticle and electrocatalyst technology, applied in the field of electrocatalytic materials, can solve the problems of large size, lack of theoretical understanding, affecting the stability and life of electrocatalyst, and achieve the effect of mild experimental conditions and good repeatability

Inactive Publication Date: 2018-09-07
SOUTH CHINA UNIV OF TECH
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
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AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] At present, the main methods to reduce the amount of Pt are: first, to improve the dispersion of Pt; second, to prepare a Pt / C electrocatalyst with a specific crystal surface or a special morphology (non-spherical), usually a Pt / C electrocatalyst with a special morphology. The size of the electrocatalyst is large, which is not conducive to improving the utilization efficiency of Pt, which limits its practical application; the third is the alloy electrocatalyst (such as PtNi and PtCo, etc.) that Pt and transition metal form a spherical or special shape. The oxygen reduction activity of Pt / C catalysts is significantly better than that of polycrystalline Pt or Pt / C catalysts, but the transition metals are easily lost under the high potential, oxygen-rich and strongly acidic conditions of the fuel cell, which affects the stability and life of such electrocatalysts, and Transition metal cations are likely to cause poisoning of the proton exchange membrane and reduce battery performance; the fourth is to improve the utilization efficiency of Pt through the order of the membrane electrode structure and the effective construction of the three-phase reaction interface
This is an important method to reduce the amount of Pt, which is mainly in the stage of laboratory research at present, and the relevant theoretical understanding is relatively lacking.

Method used

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  • Nanoparticle electrocatalyst with Pt@Pd core-shell structure as well as preparation method and application of nanoparticle electrocatalyst
  • Nanoparticle electrocatalyst with Pt@Pd core-shell structure as well as preparation method and application of nanoparticle electrocatalyst
  • Nanoparticle electrocatalyst with Pt@Pd core-shell structure as well as preparation method and application of nanoparticle electrocatalyst

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0026] (1) Preparation of Pd seeds: Weigh 0.1mmol cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and dissolve it in an appropriate amount of water, then add 0.01mmolH 2 PdCl 4 , so that the total volume of the solution is 20ml. Preheat in a water bath at 50°C for 5 minutes. Add 0.01 mmol of ascorbic acid to the flask, and magnetically stir for 1 h to obtain a Pd seed solution.

[0027] (2) Preparation of Pt@Pd nanoparticles: Weigh 1.0 mmol of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and 0.01 mmol of potassium iodide dissolved in 40 ml of deionized water, and preheat at 50° C. for 5 min. Add 0.2ml of palladium seed solution to the above solution, stir for 10min, then add 0.2ml of H 2 PtCl 6 solution, stirred for 10 min. Finally, 0.02 mmol of ascorbic acid was added, stirred and reacted in a 50° C. constant temperature water bath for 1 h, and the solution was cooled to room temperature after the reaction was completed. The product obtained after the reaction was centrifuged, washed with deionized w...

Embodiment 2

[0029] (1) Preparation of Pd seeds: Weigh 0.2mmol cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and dissolve it in an appropriate amount of water, then add 0.03mmolH 2 PdCl 4 , so that the total volume of the solution is 20ml. Preheat in a water bath at 70°C for 10 minutes. Add 0.02mmol ascorbic acid to the flask, and magnetically stir for 2h to obtain a Pd seed solution.

[0030] (2) Preparation of Pt@Pd nanoparticles: Weigh 2 mmol of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and 0.02 mmol of potassium iodide in 40 ml of deionized water, and preheat at 70° C. for 5 min. Add 0.2ml of palladium seed solution to the above solution, stir for 10min, then add 0.3ml of H 2 PtCl 6 solution, stirred for 10 min. Finally, 0.04 mmol of ascorbic acid was added, stirred and reacted in a 70° C. constant temperature water bath for 3 h, and the solution was cooled to room temperature after the reaction was completed. The product obtained after the reaction was centrifuged, washed with deionized water repeatedly ...

Embodiment 3

[0032] (1) Preparation of Pd seeds: Weigh 0.3mmol cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and dissolve it in an appropriate amount of water, then add 0.02mmolH 2 PdCl 4 , so that the total volume of the solution is 20ml. Preheat in a water bath at 70°C for 20 minutes. Add 0.05mmol ascorbic acid to the flask, and magnetically stir for 2h to obtain a Pd seed solution.

[0033] (2) Preparation of Pt@Pd nanoparticles: Weigh 3mmol cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, dissolve 0.04 potassium iodide in 40ml deionized water, and preheat at 70°C for 5min. Add 0.45ml of palladium seed solution to the above solution, stir for 10min, then add 0.6ml of H 2 PtCl 6 solution, stirred for 10 min. Finally, 0.04 mmol of ascorbic acid was added, stirred and reacted in a constant temperature water bath at 80° C. for 4 h, and the solution was cooled to room temperature after the reaction was completed. The product obtained after the reaction was centrifuged, washed with deionized water repeatedly for 3 tim...

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of electrocatalytic materials and discloses a nanoparticle electrocatalyst with a Pt@Pd core-shell structure as well as a preparation method and application of the nanoparticle electrocatalyst. The preparation method comprises the steps: dissolving CTAB into water, then, adding H2PdCl4, raising the temperature to 50-100 DEG C, and then, adding ascorbic acid to bestirred for a reaction for 1-12h to obtain a Pd seed solution; and dissolving CTAB and potassium iodide into water, raising the temperature to 50-100 DEG C, then, sequentially adding the Pd seed solution and an H2PtCl6 solution to be stirred and mixed uniformly, then, adding ascorbic acid, preserving the heat for a reaction for 1-12h, carrying out cooling to the room temperature, centrifugally washing a solid product, and carrying out drying to obtain the nanoparticle electrocatalyst with the Pt@Pd core-shell structure. By using the nanoparticle electrocatalyst with the Pt@Pd core-shell structure, the usage amount of Pt can be reduced, the service life of the catalyst can be prolonged, and the activity of the electrocatalyst can be effectively improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of electrocatalytic materials, and in particular relates to a Pt@Pd core-shell nanoparticle electrocatalyst and its preparation and application. Background technique [0002] Large-scale commercialization of fuel cell vehicles can reduce dependence on imported crude oil and help improve my country's energy consumption structure. However, Pt-based electrocatalyst is one of the core materials of fuel cells, which directly affects the cost and life of fuel cell vehicles, and restricts the large-scale commercialization of fuel cell vehicles. At the same time, the life of Pt-based electrocatalyst directly determines the life of the fuel cell engine. Therefore, how to improve the activity and life of electrocatalysts under the premise of reducing the amount of Pt is a core problem to be solved urgently in the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle industry. [0003] At present, the main methods to reduce the amount of Pt are: first, ...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): B01J23/44
CPCB01J23/44B01J35/397B01J35/33
Inventor 申益葛模燕周咏芳
Owner SOUTH CHINA UNIV OF TECH
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