Rectification tower capable of rapidly heating and vaporizing material

Abstract

The invention discloses a rectification tower capable of rapidly heating and vaporizing a material. The rectification tower comprises a rectification tower body, a tower bottom heating vessel and an atomizer arranged in the tower bottom heating kettle, the rectification tower body is provided with a tower top rising gas port and a tower top return port, and the rectification tower body is filled with a packing; the tower bottom heating kettle is provided with a feed inlet and a kettle bottom discharge outlet, an electromagnetic coil is arranged around the outer wall of the tower bottom heatingkettle, and two ends of the electromagnetic coil are connected with a temperature control circuit system; and the atomizer is connected with a feed inlet pipeline of the tower bottom heating kettle,and jet orifices are arranged at the side parts of the atomizer. The rectification tower is especially suitable for rectification separation of high-boiling point heat-sensitive materials, atomizes the material during rectification, and makes atomized liquid drops in direct contact with a heating surface without generating a liquid layer thickness in order to realize high-vacuum vaporization of the material; and the heating and vaporizing are carried out in the form of liquid drops, so the heat exchange efficiency is high, rapid heating and vaporizing of the material are achieved, the residence time of the material on the high temperature surface is shortened, and the material is prevented from denaturing and coking.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of rectification, and in particular relates to a rectification tower capable of rapidly raising the temperature and vaporizing materials. Background technique [0002] In the chemical production process, high-boiling point and heat-sensitive materials are usually separated by high-vacuum rectification, and the operating pressure is usually less than 1000Pa. In the high-vacuum rectification process, the heating and vaporization of materials is the key, especially heating and vaporization under high vacuum. Chinese patents CN203090512U, CN206081699U, and CN206577407U disclose high-vacuum rectification devices using kettle-type reboilers. This type of reboiler has a large liquid holding capacity when heating and vaporizing high-boiling point materials, and the liquid layer on the surface of the heating coil is thick, making the heating plate The surface pressure of the tube is greatly increased. For example, t...

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Problems solved by technology

For example, taking glycerin (density 1260 kg / m³) as an example, the surface pressure of the heating coil will increase by 123 Pa for every increase in the thickness of the liquid layer by 1 cm. In industrial production, the liquid on the surface of the heating coil of a kettle reboiler When the layer thickness is 50cm, the actual vaporization pressure of the heating coil is about 6kPa higher than the operating pressure in the tower, which cannot realize the high vacuum (less than 1000Pa) in the material heating and vaporization process, and the residence time is long, so that the material needs to be heated at a higher temperature. Vaporization, resulting in partial denaturation or coking of heat-sensitive materials, reducing the distillation yield

[0003] Chinese patent CN101033411B discloses a falling film reboiler. Although it can reduce the thickness of the liquid layer to a certain extent, it is vaporized in the tube, which is easy to form a pressure drop in the tube, and it is difficult to realize the high vacuum of the material heating and vaporization process; China Patent CN102533309A discloses a rectification tower with multi-layer evaporation. The thickness of the heating liquid layer is lower than that of the kettle type, but the thickness of the liquid layer is still 10-20cm (about 1-2kPa). vacuum

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