Composite additive manufacturing method adopting two laser beams and ultrasonic impact

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite additive manufacturing method adopting two laser beams and ultrasonic impact. The composite additive manufacturing method adopting the two laser beams and ultrasonic impact comprises the following steps that (1) the two laser beams act on a to-be-processed area at the same time; (2) the first laser beam heats a processed area and preheats a base body; (3) metalpowder or a wire is molten, solidified and formed under the heat effect of the second laser beam, and a single layer is formed by clad metal materials; (4) a workbench is moved to an ultrasonic impactarea, and then ultrasonic impact reinforcing treatment is conducted; and (5) steps (2)-(4) are repeated, so that three layers are stacked, and a three-dimensional part is formed. According to the composite additive manufacturing method adopting the two laser beams and ultrasonic impact, the two laser beams are used for cladding formation, so that the temperature gradient of a clad layer is reduced, and the internal stress of the clad layer is reduced; and meanwhile, grains are refined under the mechanical effect of ultrasonic impact, so that the internal stress and internal defects of the formed part are reduced, and the mechanical property of a metal component obtained through laser additive manufacturing is improved.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metal laser additive manufacturing, in particular to a dual laser beam-ultrasonic impact composite additive manufacturing method. Background technique [0002] Compared with traditional forging and casting technology, laser metal additive manufacturing technology has a short production cycle, no molds, and can form complex structural parts. Therefore, it has important application prospects in aerospace, automotive, shipbuilding, medical and other fields. [0003] However, the existing laser metal additive manufacturing generally has the following problems: 1) Internal stress: Laser additive manufacturing is a process of rapid heating and cooling. Due to the temperature gradient caused by heat input, thermal stress and tissue stress will be generated in the part, resulting in the part Cracking and deformation; 2) Metallurgical defects and coarse grain problems. During laser melting and solidification, defects su...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] However, the existing laser metal additive manufacturing generally has the following problems: 1) Internal stress: Laser additive manufacturing is a rapid heating and rapid cooling process. Due to the temperature gradient caused by heat input, thermal stress and tissue stress will be generated in the part, resulting in the Cracking, deformation; 2) metallurgical defects and coarse grain problems

Chinese patent CN201710391667.2 discloses a composite additive manufacturing method of metal parts by laser light internal feeding wire feeding cladding laser shock forging, using laser thermal effect and shock wave mechanical effect to refine the cladding layer grains and eliminate the cladding layer Internal defects such as pores and thermal stress, but this method is costly and the forming process is more complicated