Arc plasma reactor, and method used for conversion of heavy oil to light fractions

Abstract

The invention discloses an arc plasma reactor, and a method used for conversion of heavy oil to light fractions. The arc plasma reactor comprises a reaction tank, and a plasma array arranged in the reaction tank; the reaction tank is provided with a gas inlet, a gas outlet, a reactant inlet, and a liquid product outlet; a material collector is connected with the liquid product outlet; the arc plasma array is composed of high voltage electrodes, low voltage electrode caps, and an insulation medium; the low voltage electrode caps are provided with holes used for spraying out of generated plasmaplumes; an outer layer insulation medium is connected with the low voltage electrode caps through sealing connection; the upper part of the outer layer insulation medium is provided with a gas inlet,and is communicated with the gas inlet of the reaction tank through a connecting pipe. When the arc plasma reactor is used for conversion of heavy oil to light fractions, heavy oil coking reaction isreduced, hydrogen free radical generation efficiency is increased, and energy conversion efficiency is increased.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the fields of arc plasma reactor and heavy oil conversion, in particular to an arc plasma reactor which can be used for heavy oil conversion and a method for lightening heavy oil. Background technique [0002] At present, the oil refining industry of various countries in the world is facing serious challenges such as the gradual decrease of oil resources, the increasingly heavy and inferior quality of crude oil, the increasing demand for light oil and middle distillate oil, and the increasingly stringent environmental regulations. Heavy oil has high density, high viscosity, high asphaltene content, poor fluidity, and contains a large amount of impurities such as sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, and metal elements. Through heavy oil processing, inferior heavy oil resources can be utilized to the maximum to produce more gasoline, kerosene and other fuels. Traditional heavy oil processing technologies such as decarbonization technology ...

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Problems solved by technology

[0006] Existing plasma reactors Most of the plasma devices currently used for heavy oil conversion are DBD structures, and the reaction area is located between the two electrodes. The reaction materials not only affect the plasma discharge, but are also not suitable for coking or deterioration in strong electric fields. Material reaction, for example, when the reaction material is heavy oil and other materials with poor fluidity, the action of high temperature and strong electric field will cause the raw material to coke and cause the reaction to be unable to be effectively controlled, thereby affecting the normal operation of the device

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