Method for calculating groove width of narrow gap laser filler wire welded plat

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for calculating the groove width of a narrow gap laser filler wire welded plate. According to laser beam transmission characteristic parameters, a proper laser defocusamount range for the thickness of a to-be-welded plate can be obtained; according to the defocus amount range, a well-formed laser filler wire single-pass surfacing process parameter window and the welding bead width variation range are obtained on a flat plate of the same material; the expected well-formed groove width is obtained according to the sidewall melting condition and spatial interference analysis; and a groove is machined in a to-be-welded test plate, and narrow gap laser filler wire welding is completed. The well-formed ultra-thick plate narrow gap laser filler wire welding process parameters can be quickly calculated, and the number and cycle of experiments required for process optimization are greatly reduced. According to the specified characteristic parameters of laser filler wire welding equipment, whether narrow gap welding of the corresponding thick plate can be completed or not is judged, the process parameter window is given, and the application period of the narrow gap laser filler wire welding technology is greatly reduced.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of metal material welding, and in particular relates to a method for calculating the groove width of a narrow-gap laser wire-filled welding plate. Background technique [0002] With the continuous improvement of service performance requirements for large-scale components in industries such as aviation, aerospace, automobiles, and ships, higher technical goals have been put forward for the welding quality and welding deformation control of large-thickness plates. Traditional welding techniques such as TIG and MIG have low cost and wide application range, but the welding heat input is large, resulting in high welding residual stress and deformation in the joint, which is not conducive to the control of crack defects; laser deep penetration welding is used for welding At the same time, the stability of the welding process is very sensitive to even an assembly gap of about 0.1mm, and the inherent instability of ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Traditional welding techniques such as TIG and MIG have low cost and wide application range, but the welding heat input is large, resulting in high welding residual stress and deformation in the joint, which is not conducive to the control of crack defects; laser deep penetration welding is used for welding At the same time, the stability of the welding process is very sensitive to even an assembly gap of about 0.1mm, and the inherent instability of the "small hole" will also cause porosity defects, and the maximum weld penetration is limited by the power of the laser; laser / arc The hybrid welding method has a large difference in the concentration of alloy elements in the welding wire due to the wide top and bottom narrow of the weld, and seriously weakens the metal toughness of the ultra-high-strength steel weld. In addition, the laser arc composite heat source welding involves more influences and the influence rules are more complicated, which is not conducive to controlling the joint. Quality; electron beam welding has a large penetration depth and can achieve good welding results, but it needs to be welded in a vacuum environment, which greatly limits the application of this method, especially the welding production of large components

[0003] At present, the equipment investment cost of narrow-gap laser wire-filling multi-layer welding technology is much lower than that of single-pass laser deep penetration welding, and can avoid various problems existing in thick plate laser single-pass deep penetration welding. It has high quality, high efficiency and good stability. However, after determining the appropriate groove size, it is still necessary to conduct a large number of tests on the process parameters to obtain a welded joint with the expected weld width and satisfactory forming quality, and a large number of basic tests are required. Optimizing the mouth size, while the current testing of process parameters mainly relies on worker experience for optimization, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive

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