Universal tool for assembling and welding car coupler beam

Abstract

The invention discloses a universal tool for assembling and welding a car coupler beam. The tool is symmetrically arranged and comprises a platform, pressing control units, push control units and turnover control units, wherein the platform serves as a substrate, and the pressing control units, the push control units and the turnover control units are each arranged as a hydraulic device. The pressing control units clamp a T-shaped beam and a vertical plate of the car coupler beam so as to clamp the car coupler beam on a tool body. The push control units are arranged at the two ends of the T-shaped beam on the inclined edge of the car coupler beam, namely the two ends of an inclined beam, and the push control units are matched with sliding rails to enable the inclined beam to be pushed inwards. The turnover control units are arranged at the two ends of the T-shaped beam, so that the T-shaped beam is turned outwards to realize pre-welding reversible deformation. The hydraulic devices areadopted for clamping, the universal tool has an adjustable reversible deformation function, the pressing force is constant, the reversible deformation state is consistent, welding deformation of a product can be effectively controlled, the automation degree is high, the production efficiency is improved, the universality is high, and one tool can be used for assembling five kinds of car coupler beam products in three categories.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to a rail transit car body system, and is applied to the technical field of assembling and welding work of car body parts, bottom frames and hanging parts. Universal tooling for beam assembly and welding. Background technique [0002] The aluminum alloy coupler beam part is welded on the coupler mounting seat to strengthen the traction part of the vehicle. It is a key part with high stress and high load. It requires extremely high welding quality. At the same time, in order to achieve the best stress state, this part is opposed to The requirements for the relative positional relationship between the plate and the T-beam are also relatively high (such as figure 1 Shown): The flatness of the T-beam is required to be ≤ 1mm; the flatness of the vertical plate after welding is ≤ 1mm, and the perpendicularity between the vertical plate and the T-beam is ≤ 1mm. [0003] In the past, this part was welded by hand, prefabricated and anti-...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] In the past, this part was welded by hand, prefabricated and anti-deformed before welding, and then welded in sections on a special welding tool to control the welding deformation. However, due to manual assembly and clamping on the special welding tool, there was a certain deviation, resulting in the final product size. The deviation increases the difficulty of subsequent component adjustment work, which is specifically reflected in: ①The accuracy and size of each assembly are inconsistent, resulting in inconsistent products after welding, the difficulty and diversity of subsequent adjustment increases, and the tooling does not have universality; ② The amount of welding anti-deformation is controlled by experience, but the post-weld deformation of parts is uncontrollable due to the influence of plate temperature and T-beam stress state

③At the same time, the compression of the existing special tooling adopts the method of screw compression. The uncontrollable compression force is not good for controlling the welding deformation, and there are 16 sets of screw compression devices on the tooling. Between 80 and 90 minutes, while the welding time is 30 minutes, the process of pressing and disassembling seriously affects production efficiency

④ There are many weld joints in manual segmental welding, which increases the grinding of weld joints during the welding process, and the grinding of joints after welding affects production efficiency. At the same time, there are welding quality hidden dangers of poor fusion of welded joints

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