High-activity multilayer composite microsphere and preparation method thereof

A multi-layer composite and high-activity technology, applied in the direction of offensive equipment, explosive processing equipment, explosives, etc., can solve problems such as low energy utilization efficiency, hidden safety hazards, complex processes, etc., to meet the needs of development and application, and shorten mass transmission Effect of distance, high energy release rate

Active Publication Date: 2020-08-11
HUBEI INST OF AEROSPACE CHEMOTECHNOLOGY
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] Nano-scale metal powder used as fuel in solid propellants can increase detonation heat and density, improve combustion efficiency, and improve propellant combustion stability. However, due to its large specific surface area and high chemical reactivity, it is harmful to the environment. It is particularly sensitive, has high sensitivity, and has potential safety hazards. It is not effective when used in solid propellants; at the same time, during the combustion process of solid propellants, there are oxygen-rich and fuel-rich regions in the combustion flame of heterogeneous solid propellants, unless With internal turbulence, this oxygen-rich and fuel-rich region will lead to incomplete combustion and over-combustion of the system, both of which will cause the system to deviate from the overall equilibrium composition, causing large energy losses
[0004] At present, researchers have composed oxidants and reductants into core-shell particles. Their high specific surface area and short diffusion distance make the mass transfer rate between reactants much higher than the reaction rate and enhance chemical kinetics; at the same time, through Control the composition of the core-shell structure to achieve precise control of the energy release rate and efficiency; however, there are still problems of complex processes and low energy utilization efficiency

Method used

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  • High-activity multilayer composite microsphere and preparation method thereof

Examples

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preparation example Construction

[0034] The preparation method of this highly active multilayer composite microsphere is as follows:

[0035] In step (1), use a rotary evaporator to distill the process additives under reduced pressure to remove water and purify the process additives; the vacuum distillation conditions are vacuum degree -0.1MPa~0MPa, temperature 70°C~90°C, time 60min~120min, Speed ​​20rpm ~ 100rpm.

[0036] In step (2), in order to mix the metal powder and the process additive evenly, manually stir and mix the nano metal powder and the process aid in a glove box for 15-30 minutes to form slurry A.

[0037] Step (3), melt and mix the plastic elastomer and slurry A under certain temperature conditions, and stir to prepare a uniform slurry B. In order to melt the thermoplastic elastomer and facilitate mixing, control the temperature at 80°C to 85°C; control the electric stirring time If the stirring time is too short, the metal powder cannot be fully dispersed to form a uniform slurry. If the st...

Embodiment 1

[0041] In this example, a high-activity multilayer composite microsphere was prepared, and the preparation method was as follows:

[0042] Step (1), weigh a certain amount of dioctyl sebacate, and distill under reduced pressure for 120min under the conditions of vacuum degree of -0.1MPa, temperature of 70°C, and rotation speed of 20rpm;

[0043]In step (2), 25g of nano-aluminum powder and 5g of dioctyl sebacate were manually stirred and mixed for 30min in a glove box to form slurry A;

[0044] In step (3), 15 g of EVA was melted and mixed with slurry A at a temperature of 85° C., and electric stirring was performed for 30 minutes to obtain uniform slurry B, and the electric stirring speed was 50 rpm;

[0045] In step (4), the prepared slurry B is pressurized by a high-pressure peristaltic pump and then enters a pressure nozzle, the feed rate is 0.5g / min, the nozzle temperature is 95°C, and the internal and external pressure difference is 1MPa. The sprayed molten droplets dire...

Embodiment 2

[0050] In this example, a high-activity multilayer composite microsphere was prepared, and the preparation method was as follows:

[0051] Step (1), weigh a certain amount of naphthenic oil and stearic acid, and distill under reduced pressure for 90min under the conditions that the vacuum degree is -0.1MPa, the temperature is 70°C, and the rotation speed is 80rpm;

[0052] In step (2), 22g of nano-aluminum-magnesium alloy powder, 4g of naphthenic oil and 4g of stearic acid were manually stirred and mixed for 20 minutes in a glove box to form slurry A;

[0053] In step (3), 12 g of thermoplastic polyurethane is melted and mixed with slurry A at a temperature of 84° C., and electric stirring is performed for 30 minutes to obtain uniform slurry B, and the rotating speed of electric stirring is 45 rpm;

[0054] In step (4), the prepared slurry B is pressurized by a high-pressure peristaltic pump and then enters a pressure nozzle with a feed rate of 10 g / min, a nozzle temperature o...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a high-activity multilayer composite microsphere, which is composed of the following components in percentage by mass: 20-25% of metal powder, 5-15% of a thermoplastic elastomer, 5-10% of a process aid and 55-65% of an oxidant, totaling 100%. The high-activity multilayer composite microsphere sequentially comprises the metal powder, the thermoplastic elastomer and the oxidant from inside to outside, and the metal powder is nano aluminum powder or nano aluminum-based alloy powder. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the high-activity multilayer compositemicrosphere, which comprises the following steps: blending metal powder, a process aid and a thermoplastic elastomer to obtain a metal powder-containing core layer, and carrying out rolling granulation to embed an oxidant into the core layer to form a shell layer, thereby obtaining the metal powder/thermoplastic elastomer/oxidant high-activity multilayer composite microsphere. The method is simple in process, easy to amplify, free of solvent pollution and capable of meeting the development and application requirements of a solid propellant formula. The high-activity multilayer composite microsphere prepared by the method can be directly used for solid propellant charging in an engine.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of solid propellant materials, in particular to a high-activity multilayer composite microsphere and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Energy has always been the main thread throughout the development of solid propellant technology. Every major technological breakthrough in solid propellant technology is accompanied by an increase in energy levels, and at the same time promotes the upgrading of missile weapons and equipment. From the perspective of long-term development, the application of new energetic materials is the key technology and supporting technology for the leap in the energy performance of solid propellants, and the continuous improvement of the application effect of energetic materials is the basic technology for the development of high-performance solid propellants. [0003] Nano-scale metal powder used as fuel in solid propellants can increase detonation heat and dens...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C06B33/06C06B33/04C06B33/02C06B21/00
CPCC06B21/0066C06B33/02C06B33/04C06B33/06
Inventor 付晓梦王伟王芳史钰李伟李春涛徐国舒赵晓丽
Owner HUBEI INST OF AEROSPACE CHEMOTECHNOLOGY
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