High-activity multilayer composite microsphere and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-activity multilayer composite microsphere, which is composed of the following components in percentage by mass: 20-25% of metal powder, 5-15% of a thermoplastic elastomer, 5-10% of a process aid and 55-65% of an oxidant, totaling 100%. The high-activity multilayer composite microsphere sequentially comprises the metal powder, the thermoplastic elastomer and the oxidant from inside to outside, and the metal powder is nano aluminum powder or nano aluminum-based alloy powder. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the high-activity multilayer compositemicrosphere, which comprises the following steps: blending metal powder, a process aid and a thermoplastic elastomer to obtain a metal powder-containing core layer, and carrying out rolling granulation to embed an oxidant into the core layer to form a shell layer, thereby obtaining the metal powder / thermoplastic elastomer / oxidant high-activity multilayer composite microsphere. The method is simple in process, easy to amplify, free of solvent pollution and capable of meeting the development and application requirements of a solid propellant formula. The high-activity multilayer composite microsphere prepared by the method can be directly used for solid propellant charging in an engine.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of solid propellant materials, in particular to a high-activity multilayer composite microsphere and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Energy has always been the main thread throughout the development of solid propellant technology. Every major technological breakthrough in solid propellant technology is accompanied by an increase in energy levels, and at the same time promotes the upgrading of missile weapons and equipment. From the perspective of long-term development, the application of new energetic materials is the key technology and supporting technology for the leap in the energy performance of solid propellants, and the continuous improvement of the application effect of energetic materials is the basic technology for the development of high-performance solid propellants. [0003] Nano-scale metal powder used as fuel in solid propellants can increase detonation heat and dens...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] Nano-scale metal powder used as fuel in solid propellants can increase detonation heat and density, improve combustion efficiency, and improve propellant combustion stability. However, due to its large specific surface area and high chemical reactivity, it is harmful to the environment. It is particularly sensitive, has high sensitivity, and has potential safety hazards. It is not effective when used in solid propellants; at the same time, during the combustion process of solid propellants, there are oxygen-rich and fuel-rich regions in the combustion flame of heterogeneous solid propellants, unless With internal turbulence, this oxygen-rich and fuel-rich region will lead to incomplete combustion and over-combustion of the system, both of which will cause the system to deviate from the overall equilibrium composition, causing large energy losses

[0004] At present, researchers have composed oxidants and reductants into core-shell particles. Their high specific surface area and short diffusion distance make the mass transfer rate between reactants much higher than the reaction rate and enhance chemical kinetics; at the same time, through Control the composition of the core-shell structure to achieve precise control of the energy release rate and efficiency; however, there are still problems of complex processes and low energy utilization efficiency

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