Lithium metal electrode and preparation method and application thereof
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A lithium metal electrode and lithium sheet technology, applied in the field of lithium metal electrode and its preparation, can solve the problems of stress change, thermal runaway, dead lithium and the like
Active Publication Date: 2020-11-24
BEIJING UNIV OF TECH
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[0004] However, metal lithium batteries have serious dendrite growth problems. It is difficult to stabilize the cycle of lithium dendrite growth, which will lead to short circuit of the battery, which may cause thermal runaway, causing potential risk of fire and explosion. In addition, due to the uneven deposition of lithium metal, SEI The continuous rupture and formation of the film, during the cycle, the instability of the SEI film will further accelerate the formation of dendrites, forming "dead lithium", resulting in a decrease in cycle stability and increased safety issues; unlimited volume during cycle Changes, resulting in material internal stress changes and interface fluctuations, resulting in irreversible loss of battery capacity
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[0038] The present invention also provides a preparation method of the lithium metal electrode described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps:
[0039] Depositing Al on the surface of lithium flakes by atomic layer deposition 2 o 3 , get Al 2 o 3 Floor;
[0040] In the Al 2 o 3 The surface of the layer is coated with a carbon nanotube dispersion to obtain a carbon nanotube layer;
[0041] Adopt atomic layer deposition method, deposit Li on the surface of described carbon nanotube layer 3 PO 4 layer to obtain the lithium metal electrode.
[0042]In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, all raw material components are commercially available products well known to those skilled in the art.
[0043] The present invention adopts the atomic layer deposition method to deposit Al on the surface of the lithium sheet 2 o 3 , get Al 2 o 3 Floor. In the present invention, the deposited Al 2 o 3 The process is preferably as follows: i...
Embodiment 1
[0071] Place a lithium sheet with a thickness of 0.5mm in the vacuum reaction chamber of the glove box combined with atomic layer deposition equipment, and then seal the reaction chamber. The temperature of the vacuum reaction chamber is 150 ° C. The system pipeline, trimethylaluminum and The temperature of deionized water is room temperature;
[0072] Turn on the vacuum mechanical pump to evacuate the system pipeline and vacuum reaction chamber to less than 0.1Pa, feed trimethylaluminum for 0.2s, deposit for 0.5s, feed cleaning gas, and purge the residual gas and by-products after the reaction for 15s ;Introduce deionized water for 0.2s, deposit for 0.5s, inject cleaning gas, and purge the residual gas and by-products after the reaction for 15s; after cleaning, vacuumize until the pressure value of the vacuum reaction chamber and system pipeline is less than 0.1Pa , cycle the above operation 50 times to obtain Al with a thickness of 5nm 2 o 3 Floor;
[0073] Mix 10 mg of c...
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of electrode materials, and in particular, relates to a lithium metal electrode and a preparation method and application thereof. A three-dimensional network structure in the lithium metal electrode provided by the invention can effectively accelerate charge transfer and reduce interface resistance; compared with a pure lithium electrode, the specific surface area is large, relatively low local current density can be generated, charge distribution is uniformized, when Li is deposited, a smooth effect is achieved and the growth rate is reduced, an Al2O3 layer and a Li3PO4 layer can accommodate the volume expansion of a battery in the cycle process, the preferential deposition of lithium ions is reduced and the uniform deposition of the lithium metal surface is promoted, so that lithium dendrites are effectively inhibited, the stability of the battery is improved, and the cycle life of the battery is prolonged; the structural characteristics of the lithium metal electrode provided by the invention can reduce the internal stress and interface fluctuation of the material, thereby improving the overall mechanical stability and integrity of the battery.
Description
technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of electrode materials, in particular to a lithium metal electrode and its preparation method and application. Background technique [0002] Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in various fields such as camcorders, mobile phones, notebook computers and electric vehicles due to their high operating voltage, good cycle performance, high energy density and power density. However, with the increase in demand, traditional lithium-ion batteries are gradually unable to meet the needs, and there is an urgent need to develop electrode materials with high energy density and long service life to meet emerging high-end energy storage devices. [0003] Lithium metal anode is known as the "holy grail" electrode because of its extremely high theoretical capacity (3860mAh / g) and the most negative potential (-3.040Vvs standard hydrogen electrode), and has attracted great attention from researchers. [0004] However, metal...
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