Crispr effector system based diagnostics

A detection system, technology of effector proteins, applied in the direction of genetic engineering, microbial assay/inspection, DNA/RNA fragments, etc., can solve the problems of expensive, limited availability, low-sensitivity applications, etc.

Pending Publication Date: 2020-12-01
THE BROAD INST INC +2
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

For example, qPCR methods are sensitive but expensive and rely on complex instrumentation, which limits the availability of trained operators in laboratory settings
Other approaches, such as novel approaches combining isothermal

Method used

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  • Crispr effector system based diagnostics
  • Crispr effector system based diagnostics
  • Crispr effector system based diagnostics

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1- 1

[0635] Example 1 - General Scheme

[0636] Two ways are provided to perform the C2c2 diagnostic test for DNA and RNA. This approach can also be used with protein detection variants following delivery of detection aptamers. The first is a two-step reaction in which amplification and C2c2 detection are done independently. The second is where everything is combined in one reaction and this is called a two-step reaction. It is important to keep in mind that amplification may not be necessary for higher concentration samples, so it is good to have a separate C2c2 protocol that does not have amplification built in.

[0637] Table 10. CRISPR effectors only - no amplification:

[0638]

[0639]

[0640] The reaction buffer is: 40mM Tris-HCl, 60mM NaCl, pH 7.3

[0641] This reaction is carried out at 37°C for 20 minutes to 3 hours. Read at Excitation: 485nm / 20nm, Emission: 528nm / 20nm. Signals for single molecule sensitivity can be detected starting at 20 minutes, but signal...

Embodiment 2

[0654] Example 2 - Highly Sensitive and Specific Detection of C2C2-Mediated DNA and RNA from Ciliophora videides

[0655] Rapid, cheap, and sensitive nucleic acid tests can aid point-of-care pathogen detection, genotyping, and disease surveillance. The RNA-guided RNA-targeting CRISPR effector Cas13a (previously known as C2c2) exhibits "side effects" of promiscuous RNase activity following target recognition. Applicants combine the collateral effect of Cas13a with isothermal amplification to establish a CRISPR-based diagnostic (CRISPR-Dx), providing rapid DNA or RNA detection with attomolar sensitivity and specificity for single-base mismatches. The applicant used this Cas13a-based molecular detection platform, called SHERLOCK (Specific High Sensitivity Enzymatic Reporter Unlocking), to detect specific strains of Zika and Dengue viruses, and to distinguish pathogens bacteria, genotyping human DNA, and identifying mutations in cell-free tumor DNA. In addition, SHERLOCK reagent...

Embodiment 3

[0772] Example 3 - Characterization of Cas13b Orthologs with Orthogonal Base Preferences

[0773] Applicants biochemically characterized fourteen orthologs of the recently defined Type VI CRISPR-Cas13b family of RNA-guided RNA-targeting enzymes to find new candidates for improved SHERLOCK assay technology ( Figure 83 A and Figure 85 ). Applicants were able to heterologously express fourteen Cas13b orthologs in E. coli and purify the protein for in vitro RNase activity assays ( Figure 86 ). Because different Cas13 orthologs may have different base preferences for optimal cleavage activity, Applicants generated a fluorescent RNase homopolymer sensor consisting of 5 A, G, C, or U to estimate orthogonal cleavage preference. Applicants incubated each ortholog with its cognate crRNA targeting a synthetic 173nt ssRNA 1 and measured incidental cleavage activity using a homopolymer fluorescent sensor ( Figure 83 B and Figure 87 ).

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Abstract

The embodiments disclosed herein utilized RNA targeting effectors to provide a robust CRISPR-based diagnostic with attomolar sensitivity. Embodiments disclosed herein can detect both DNA and RNA withcomparable levels of sensitivity and can differentiate targets from non-targets based on single base pair differences, and includes detection by colorimetric and/or fluorescence shifts. Moreover, theembodiments disclosed herein can be prepared in freeze-dried format for convenient distribution and point-of-care (POC) applications. Such embodiments are useful in multiple scenarios in human healthincluding, for example, viral detection, bacterial strain typing, sensitive genotyping, and detection of disease-associated cell free DNA.

Description

[0001] Cross References to Related Applications [0002] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62 / 623,531, filed January 29, 2018. The entire content of the application identified above is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. [0003] Electronic Sequence Listing Citation [0004] The contents of the Electronic Sequence Listing (BROD_2505WP_ST25.txt"; 2.7MB in size, created on January 28, 2019) are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. [0005] Statement Regarding Federally Funded Research [0006] This invention was made with Government support under Grant Nos. MH100706 and MH110049 awarded by the National Institutes of Health and Grant No. HDTRA1-14-1-0006 awarded by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency Completed. The government has certain rights in this invention. technical field [0007] The subject matter disclosed herein relates generally to rapid diagnostics associated with the use of CRISPR effector syste...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C12Q1/6827C12N9/22C12N15/10
CPCC12Q1/6827C12N9/0065C12N9/22C12Y111/01Y02A50/30C12Q2521/337C12Q2525/205C12Q1/6834C12Q1/6883C12Q1/6886C12Q1/70C12Q2565/137C12N2310/20G01N33/54388C12N15/111C12N15/115C12Q1/6806C12Q1/6858C12Q2600/156G01N33/5308C12N15/11
Inventor F·张J·戈滕贝格O·阿布达耶
Owner THE BROAD INST INC
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