Efficient rock breaking PDC drill bit

Abstract

The invention discloses an efficient rock breaking PDC drill bit, and belongs to the technical field of oil and gas drilling. The drill bit comprises a drill bit body and blades extending from the drill bit body or fixed on the drill bit body, wherein cutting teeth are arranged on tooth surfaces of the blades, drilling fluid flow passages are formed between two adjacent blades, an impact componentis arranged on at least one blade on the drill bit body, rolling grooves are formed in the blades, impact devices rotate along with transmission devices and enter the rolling grooves under the actionof the matched rolling bodies, and the transmission mode of the impact devices is belt transmission. According to the efficient rock breaking PDC drill bit, the structure can carry out impact pre-crushing or pre-damage on rock, and the strength of the rock is reduced; and the matched rolling bodies enter the rolling grooves and then retract into the cutter blade bodies to be not exposed to the bottom of a well, the impact devices can be prevented from being eroded, the impact devices can be completely protected through belt transmission, the situation that the impact devices lose efficacy dueto overlarge loads is avoided, the service life of the impact devices is prolonged, and the drilling efficiency of the drill bit is improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical fields of drilling such as petroleum and natural gas, mining engineering, building foundation engineering construction, geology, hydrology, etc., and particularly relates to a high-efficiency rock-breaking PDC drill bit. Background technique [0002] The drill bit is a rock-breaking tool used in drilling engineering to break rock and form a wellbore. The PDC bit is one of the commonly used drill tools in drilling engineering. Especially in the modern rapid drilling process, the footage obtained by the PDC bit has reached more than 90% of the total footage of oil and gas drilling. The PDC bit relies on mechanical drilling during the drilling process. It has been widely used in oil and gas drilling due to its advantages of high speed, low drilling cost and long service life. [0003] In modern rapid drilling technology, while the drill bit has good rock-carrying ability, it is more important to have an excellent ro...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] In modern rapid drilling technology, while the drill bit has good rock-carrying ability, it is more important to have an excellent rock-breaking cutting structure, especially when drilling into hard-to-drill formations such as strong abrasiveness and high hardness. Strong and high hardness, the cutting teeth of the conventional PDC bit often suffer from tooth wear and chipping during the drilling process, especially the cutting teeth on the shoulder of the drill bit, the wear speed is faster, when a tooth on the drill bit When wear occurs, it will increase the drill pressure of the teeth in the adjacent area of ​​the tooth, greatly increase the working load of the cutting teeth in the adjacent area, and then accelerate the rapid wear of the cutting teeth in the adjacent area. When the cutting teeth wear to a certain extent, the It will cause the failure of the cutting teeth on the blade, resulting in a rapid reduction in its service life and greatly reducing the drilling efficiency of the drill bit

[0004] In order to improve the service life of the cutting teeth during the drilling process of the drill bit and increase the intrusion ability of the drill bit into the rock, more and more drill bit manufacturers and research institutes at home and abroad use the impactor with the drill bit to exert a certain force on the bit through the impactor. The pressure of the rock increases the force of the rock, and the rock reduces the stress of the nearby area under greater pressure, thereby increasing the cutting ability of the cutting teeth. However, in the impactor installed on the existing impact drill bit, the impact device is exposed In the bottom of the well, on the one hand, this will cause the drilling fluid to erode the percussion device and reduce the service life of the percussion device; , affecting the discharge of cuttings, causing cuttings to accumulate at the bottom of the well, resulting in mud bags, which greatly reduce the drilling efficiency of the drill bit

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