Air reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer self-rotation drilling tool for directional drilling

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of drilling equipment, and particularly relates to an air reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer self-rotation drilling tool for directional drilling. The air reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer self-rotation drilling tool comprises a shell, an air distribution mechanism, a rotation mechanism and a drill bit; the air distribution mechanism, the rotation mechanism and the drill bit are sequentially installed in the shell from top to bottom; the air distribution mechanism comprises a valve assembly and a piston assembly with a front air chamber and a rear air chamber; the movable end of the piston assembly is provided with an inclined key part matched with a spiral bush included in the rotation mechanism; the spiral bush is connected with the drill bit through a spline sleeve engaged with the spiral bush intermittently; and the valve assembly controls air to be alternately introduced into the front air chamber and the rear air chamber to drive the movable end to reciprocate and drive the drill bit to rotate. The air reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer self-rotation drilling tool has the beneficial effects that all the mechanisms are installed in the shell, torque is transmitted through cooperation of wedge-shaped teeth and key grooves included in the rotation mechanism, the structure is compact, and strength is reliable; and the drill bit is driven by return stroke energy of a piston with a key to rotate to grind rock, the stroke energy of the piston with the key is kept to impact and break the rock, and the energy utilization rate is high.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of drilling equipment, in particular to an air reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer self-rotating drilling tool for directional drilling. Background technique [0002] Pneumatic reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer drilling technology is an efficient and economical drilling method, which is widely used in geological core drilling, hydrological water well drilling, foundation engineering construction, oil and gas resource exploitation and other fields. It has the advantages of good quality, low gas consumption, high sampling rate, preventing formation leakage, and no pollution to the environment, which can effectively reduce drilling costs and improve construction efficiency. [0003] However, because the pneumatic DTH hammer needs the drill pipe to drive its rotation, it cannot directly use directional tools, so it is difficult to accurately detect and control the wellbore trajectory, and it cannot b...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] However, because the pneumatic DTH hammer needs the drill pipe to drive its rotation, it cannot directly use directional tools, so it is difficult to accurately detect and control the wellbore trajectory, and it cannot be directly used for directional hole construction. It can only be combined with pneumatic screw drilling tools. drill into

[0004] However, the pneumatic screw drilling tool has high speed and long size, which increases the complexity of the process and has low reliability, which cannot give full play to the technical advantages of the pneumatic DTH hammer.

In addition, the existing pneumatic DTH hammer uses the drill pipe to rotate through the surface drilling rig. When used in directional wells or horizontal wells, there are technical problems such as small torque and difficult application of drilling pressure, which limits its popularization and application in this field.

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