Simplified water-saving cultivation method based on northern China winter wheat-summer corn rotation planting system

Abstract

The invention discloses a simplified water-saving cultivation method based on a northern China winter wheat-summer corn rotation planting system. The method mainly aims at the northern China underground water funnel region, according to the characteristics of non-uniform seasonal distribution of annual rainfall and different root distribution and water absorption depths of two crops, one-time irrigation water storage and one-time fertilization before wheat sowing, one-time irrigation moisture supplementation after summer corn sowing and one-time fertilization are provided, the annual irrigation amount is about 100 cubic meters, the annual yield per mu reaches 1000 kg (per ton of grain field), compared with an existing mode that wheat is watered twice in spring, the annual grain yield is equivalent, the irrigation amount is reduced by about 100 cubic meters, the nitrogen application amount is reduced by 20-25%, mining of groundwater every year is greatly reduced, and the shortage of water resources can be relieved; and meanwhile, along with reduction of irrigation and fertilization, labor force, electric power and other related investments are greatly reduced, and cost saving, consumption reducing and efficiency increasing are remarkable.

Description

Technical field [0001] The present invention belongs to the field of agricultural planting, and there is a light simplified water-saving cultivation method for winter wheat - summer mazoding system in northern groundwater resources. Background technique [0002] Northern Plain Water Resources is shortage, farmland irrigation mainly relying on groundwater, winter wheat - Xia maize one year two mature routine production of water fertilizer investment volume, winter wheat irrigation 3 ~ 4 times or more, summer corn irrigation 1 ~ 2 or more, year year Male irrigation is 230 ~ 300m 3 , The amount of nitrogen is 32 ~ 36kg, and the high water and hypermatism leads to serious supercodification and soil nitrogen losses, high pollution, high emission, and deterioration of ecological environment. At the same time, with a large number of labor in the countryside, the scale of farmers planted, and the artificial multiple irrigation has become a major burden of farmers, and the increase in inv...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0002] Water resources are scarce in the North China Plain, and farmland irrigation mainly relies on groundwater. The conventional production field of winter wheat and summer corn has a large amount of water and fertilizer input. Winter wheat is irrigated 3-4 times or more, and summer corn is irrigated 1-2 times or more. Mu irrigation volume 230~300m 3 , the amount of nitrogen per mu is 32-36kg, and the high input of water and fertilizer leads to serious overexploitation of groundwater and loss of soil nitrogen leaching, high pollution and high discharge problems, and deterioration of the ecological environment

At the same time, as a large number of rural laborers go out, the planting scale of farmers has expanded, and manual multiple irrigation has become a heavy burden for farmers, and the increase in input costs has seriously affected planting efficiency.

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