Quasi-one-dimensional cold atom source preparation device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation device of a quasi-one-dimensional cold atom source. The quasi-one-dimensional cold atom source is prepared by mainly utilizing a diffuse reflection laser cooling atom technology; wherein the preparation device mainly comprises a vacuum cavity, an optical system and a cold atom density distribution measurement system. The outer surface of the vacuum cavity is covered with a transverse cylindrical quartz glass cavity which is made of a high-diffuse-reflection-rate material and is used for cooling laser required by atoms to be cooled; and the optical system mainly comprises cooling laser, re-pumping laser and detection laser; after the cooling laser and the re-pumping laser enter the vacuum cavity, an isotropic quasi-one-dimensional cooling light field is formed to carry out laser cooling on background atom gas in the isotropic quasi-one-dimensional cooling light field, and the detection laser carries out absorption method detection on cooled atoms. The cold atom density distribution measuring system mainly comprises a pair of movable Helmholtz coils, and the density distribution of cold atoms is measured by uniformly moving the coils along the detection direction. According to the invention, the preparation of the quasi-one-dimensional cold atom source with high optical thickness and uniform distribution is realized in the transverse vacuum cavity. Under the condition of a proper atom source and a proper laser system, quasi-one-dimensional alkali metal atoms such as lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium and cesium and other atoms suitable for laser cooling, such as metastable inert gas atoms, can be cooled and stored.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of laser cooling atoms, in particular, to the technology of diffuse reflection laser cooling atoms, and especially can provide a preparation device and method of a quasi-one-dimensional cold atom source with expandable lateral uniform distribution. Background technique [0002] Cold atomic physics has very important applications in many fields such as atomic frequency standards, quantum precision measurement, quantum information processing and storage. It mainly uses laser cooling technology to reduce the temperature of atoms to below 1mK to study, apply and control atoms. Atoms at low temperatures embody new phenomena and obey new physical laws. Among them, the atomic temperature of Bose-Einstein Condensation (BEC) is close to absolute zero, and almost all the atoms are gathered into the quantum state with the lowest energy, forming a macroscopic quantum state. The cold atom group in the three-dimensional magneto-op...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] The current laser cooling technology has the following disadvantages: traditional laser cooling technologies such as magneto-optical traps can only capture cold atomic clusters with a diameter of 1 cm, and the size and shape of cold atoms are difficult to change; the disadvantage of diffuse reflection laser cooling technology is that cold atomic clusters Low density, low optical thickness

Its disadvantages are: 1) the device is limited by the atoms to be cooled and the cavity frequency of the microwave cavity, and its size is not easy to change; 2) considering the effect of gravity, this device and other existing similar technology devices are all vertical structures; 3) The cooling light enters in the vertical direction, and the length of the device should not be too long, otherwise it will affect the uniformity of the cooling light field and the shape of the cold atom group; 4) The utilization rate of the cold atom is low, and the cold atom group generated by the device is located in the center of the microwave cavity The spherical distribution of , for the absorption method to detect atoms, the detection light generally passes through the atomic group for detection, and only the atoms in the waist of the detection beam participate in the action

5) Atoms will be adsorbed on the silver-plated layer on the inner wall of the microwave cavity, and may react with the atoms adsorbed on it, reducing the diffuse reflectance of the silver-plated layer

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