Method for preparing polymer gradient material by using electric field

A gradient material and polymer technology, which is applied in the preparation of polymer mixture gradient materials and the preparation of polymer mixture gradient materials, can solve the problems of difficult control of the degree of gradient, and achieve the effect of easy control

Inactive Publication Date: 2004-07-07
TSINGHUA UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

This method requires high-speed shear conditions, and the degree of gradient is not easy to control

Method used

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  • Method for preparing polymer gradient material by using electric field
  • Method for preparing polymer gradient material by using electric field
  • Method for preparing polymer gradient material by using electric field

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0017] Mix polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) (or polyacrylic acid salt partially neutralized with NaOH solution) in various proportions to make an aqueous solution with a mass percentage concentration of 2% (g / g), take a certain amount and pour Into the self-made electrolytic cell whose electrode material is Pt (the schematic diagram of the electrolytic cell is shown in figure 1 ). Place the electrolytic cell in a constant temperature box at 50°C, and apply a DC voltage of 40V between the two electrodes.

[0018] After 16 hours, the sample solvent was evaporated to dryness, then the power was cut off and dried. The blend film was taken out and the composition of the sample was tested at multiple points along the direction of the electric field by infrared reflection, and an obvious and continuous composition gradient was found. figure 2 It is the reflection infrared spectrogram of the PVA / PAA (weight ratio is 70:30) blend aqueous solution solvent evaporated...

Embodiment 2

[0021] The weight ratio of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and polystyrenesulfonic acid (or polystyrenesulfonate partially neutralized with NaOH solution) is 70:30 to prepare an aqueous solution with a mass percent concentration of 8% (g / g), Take a certain amount and pour it into a self-made electrolytic cell whose electrode material is Pt (the schematic diagram of the electrolytic cell is shown in figure 1 ). Place the electrolytic cell in a constant temperature box at 30°C, and apply a DC voltage of 70V between the two electrodes. The solvent is gradually evaporated and electrolyzed. After the solvent is completely evaporated to dryness, the power is turned off and dried to obtain a blend film with a gradient composition of polyvinylpyrrolidone and polystyrenesulfonic acid.

Embodiment 3

[0023] Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyethyleneimine hydrochloride (weight ratio: 60:40) are formulated into an aqueous solution with a mass percent concentration of 2% (g / g), and a certain amount is poured into a self-made electrolytic solution whose electrode material is Pt. in the pool. Place the electrolytic cell in a constant temperature box at 60°C, and apply a DC voltage of 30V between the two electrodes. The solvent is gradually evaporated and electrolyzed. After the solvent is completely evaporated to dryness, the power is turned off and dried to obtain a blend film with a gradient composition of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyethyleneimine.

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Abstract

A kind of polymer electrolyte and an other kind of macro molecular polymer electrolyte or non-electrolyte polymer capable of ionizing opposite charge in certain proportion are dissolved in water to prepare dilute solution. The solution is filled into an electrolyzer capable of forming homogeneous electric field and the polymer electrolyte in the water solution is ionized to produce charged polymer ions. Meanwhile, the polymer ions under the action of the electric field immigrate from one electrode to the other to generate density gradient. With the electrolysis and evaporation of the water solution, gradient of polymer mixture components is formed in the electric field direction; and after finishing electrolysis and evaporation, gradient polymer mixture material with continuously changing component is obtained. The method of the present invention is simple and easy to control. By means of controlling voltage, temperature and other conditions, polymer material of different gradient may be produced.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a preparation method of a polymer mixture gradient material, in particular to a method for preparing a polymer mixture gradient material by using an electric field, and belongs to the technical field of polymer materials. Background technique [0002] With the development of material science, people are more and more interested in preparing heterogeneous materials with special structures and properties. Since the emergence of a new type of functionally graded material consisting of two components in the material in Japan and Europe in the 1980s, with a gradient change in structure from the inside of the material to the surface, it can ease or eliminate interfacial stress and maintain the overall mechanical properties of the mixed material. Performance, and can maximize the excellent characteristics of the two materials, so it has been valued by researchers. At present, the preparation methods of polymer mixture gradient materi...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C08J3/28
Inventor 孔祥明李治谢续明
Owner TSINGHUA UNIV
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