Lhrh antagonist peptides

Abstract

The present invention is directed to a method for essentially complete oxidation of a concentrated liquor containing oxidizable organic matter. Each step of the method is performed under substantially superatmospheric pressure. Initially, the liquor is preheated to a temperature higher than about 10° C. below the boiling point of water at the substantially superatmospheric pressure. A feed formed of the concentrated liquor is then essentially completely oxidized at a temperature of at least 800° C. in the presence of a gas comprising at least sixty percent by volume of oxygen to form a suspension of a hot gas and a molten slag. The molten slag is separated from the hot gas before the slag is dissolved in water to form a brine. The separated hot gas is then cooled to a temperature below 250° C. by quenching with an aqueous liquid. Finally, the aqueous liquid is separated from the hot gas.

Description

[0001] 1. Field of the Invention[0002] The present invention relates generally to a method of oxidizing waste liquors and, more particularly, to a method for mineralisation by oxidation at substantially superatmospheric pressure of essentially all organic matter present in a concentrated liquor that has been obtained by evaporation of waste liquors.[0003] 2. Description of the Related Art[0004] Today, industries are striving to minimise environmental impact. A part of this impact is the discharge of contaminated effluent to waterways and the emission of polluted gases to the ambient air.[0005] Industry effluent often contains organic substances in low concentrations and inorganic ions, derived from raw materials and from chemicals introduced to the process. The organic matter is sedimented or degraded in the receiving water systems, thus consuming the oxygen in the water. Part of the organic matter is taken in by living organisms. Some of these substances may accumulate in living ti...

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Benefits of technology

0028] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the molten slag is allowed to flow down through constriction, such as a small passage to an agitated slag di

Problems solved by technology

The organic matter is sedimented or degraded in the receiving water systems, thus consuming the oxygen in the water.

Some of the substances are poisonous.

The inorganic matter, however, may also include small quantities of metal ions, which are considered harmful.

Some chloro-organic substances contained in the flue gases are considered an environmental hazard even in very low concentrations.

However, pulp mill bleach plant effluent are so diluted that they are currently not evaporated nor combusted, even if such a method is known, e.g., as disclosed in Finnish Patent No. 85293.

However, with very low concentrations of the inorganic matter, a complete precipitation can not be achieved and the separation of the precipitated matter from large quantities of liquid is difficult.

As a result, the heat transfer surfaces of the evaporation equipment become fouled, and the evaporation capacity is reduced.

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