Diffusively permeable monolithic biomaterial with embedded microfluidic channels

a monolithic biomaterial, diffusively permeable technology, applied in the direction of prosthesis, bandages, dressings, etc., can solve the problems of limited use, limited use, and limited use, and achieve the effect of facilitating wound healing

Active Publication Date: 2006-08-03
CORNELL RES FOUNDATION INC
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0015] Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method of facilitating healing of a cutaneous wound of a mammalian subject. This method involves providing a monolithic biomaterial of the present invention. The monolithic biomaterial is contacted with a cutaneous wound of the mammalian subject. At leas

Problems solved by technology

The poor healing characteristics of cartilage have driven the demand for options to replace or supplement damaged tissue.
Synthetic materials have been employed for this purpose, but issues of biocompatibility and eventual material failure by fatigue or wear ultimately limit their use.
Allografts present an alternative, but their use can be limited by immunological complications, transmission of infectious diseases from the donor, premature resorption of the transplant, and lack of the availability of donor material.
This approach is hindered by the clinical difficulties associated with harvesting donor tissue.
In both the study and treatment of wounds, scientists and doctors lack tools with which to manipulate the wound environment with high spatial and temporal precision.
:S147-155 (1999)) and bone (Vacanti et al., New Eng. J. Med. 344:1511-1514 (2001)); for these systems, limited clinical success has been achieved.
Nonetheless, engineering tissue has been hindered by the lack of sophisticated tools for tailoring the physical and chemical environment of the

Method used

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  • Diffusively permeable monolithic biomaterial with embedded microfluidic channels
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  • Diffusively permeable monolithic biomaterial with embedded microfluidic channels

Examples

Experimental program
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example 1

Fabrication of a Monolithic Biomaterial

[0100] A monolithic biomaterial was fabricated having a microfluidic system entirely within calcium alginate (4% [w / v]), a versatile hydrogel. As used herein this monolithic biomaterial is also referred to as a “microfluidic biomaterial” and abbreviated as “μFBM.” Control of mass transfer within the ρFBM was demonstrated, and the μFBM was shown to be (i) appropriate for replication of the microstructure, (ii) formable into pressure-tight fluidic structures, and (iii) highly permeable to the diffusion of small and large solutes. The sealed microfluidic structure were formed to have channels that are 100 μm wide by 200 μm deep; sealed channels were formed with cross-sectional dimensions as small as 25 μm×25 μm.

[0101] Three modes of operation have been used to characterize the transfer of solute in μFBMs. In all cases, the device was submerged in a stirred reservoir (200 mL; ur˜1 cm / s) of aqueous buffer in which the solute of interest is dilute ...

example 3

Analysis of Mass Transfer in μFBM

Mass Transfer Conditions for All Experiments

[0114] The analysis and the operation of the μFBM (of Example 1) are greatly simplified at sufficiently high flow rates, where the bulk concentrations in the reservoir and the channels alone determine the concentration gradients driving the diffusion process. This condition is satisfied when the Biot numbers in both the reservoir and the channels are large, and the Peclêt number in the channels is large. The Biot number is defined as the ratio of the rate of mass transfer into the flow to the rate of diffusive mass transfer through the material, and isBi=kHDs / gel;

the Peclêt number is defined as the ratio of the rate of mass transfer with the flow to the rate of diffusion within the flow, and is Pe=uc⁢hDs / liq

(Welty et al., Fundamentals of Momentum, Heat, and Mass Transfer (2000), which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety). Here, Ds / gel and Ds / liq are the molecular diffusivities of the s...

example 4

Formation of Macroscopic, Three-Dimensional Scaffolds by Injection Molding of Alginate with Embedded Chondrocytes

[0117] The appropriateness of alginate gels as scaffolds for 3D cultures of chondrocytes has been documented (Hauselmann et al., Journal of Cell Science 107:17-27 (1994), which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety). The chondrocytes are fully embedded in the gel by creating a suspension prior to gelation; gelation is induced by the infusion of calcium ions. It has been demonstrated that injection molding of the pre-gel suspension allows for the formation of scaffolds with well-defined 3-D shape of macroscopic dimension (>1 cm) (Chang et al., J. Biomed. Mat. Res. 55:503-511 (2001) and Chang et al., Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 112:793-799 (2003), which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety). As discussed below, this method involves the -following steps: (i) isolation of chondrocytes; (ii) construction of molds; (iii) cell suspension i...

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Abstract

The present invention relates to a monolithic biomaterial. The monolithic biomaterial has a primary network of convective flow, microfluidic channels that are embedded in a substrate, where the substrate is diffusively permeable to aqueous solutes. The present invention also relates to a method of making the monolithic biomaterial, as well as methods of using the monolithic biomaterial to facilitate healing of a cutaneous wound of a mammalian subject and of regulating cells.

Description

[0001] This application claims priority benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60 / 619,091, filed Oct. 15, 2004, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.[0002] This invention was developed with government funding under Office of Naval Research Grant No. N00014-04-1-0652, National Science Foundation (“NSF”) Grant No. ECS-9876771, NSF Grant No. ECS 03-35765, and NSF Grant No. DMR 0520404. The U.S. Government may have certain rights in this invention.FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0003] The present invention relates to a diffusively permeable monolithic biomaterial with embedded microfluidic channels, a method of making the monolithic biomaterial, and methods of using the monolithic biomaterial to facilitate healing of a cutaneous wound of a mammalian subject and to regulate cells. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0004] Over one million surgical procedures in the United States each year involve bone and cartilage replacement (Langer et al., Science 920:260-266 (1...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): A61F15/00
CPCA61F2/30756A61F13/00012A61F13/00063A61F13/00068A61F13/069A61F15/00A61F2002/2817A61F2002/30677A61F2002/30766A61F2002/30785A61F2002/30957A61F2013/00523A61F2013/00536A61F2013/00927A61F2310/00365A61L27/20A61L27/3817A61L27/3839C08L5/04
Inventor STROOCK, ABRAHAM D.CABODI, MARIOBONASSAR, LAWRENCE
Owner CORNELL RES FOUNDATION INC
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