Process for converting tallow to diesel fuel

a technology of tallow and diesel fuel, which is applied in the field of internal combustion engine fuel, can solve the problems of poor cold weather performance, cumbersome and relatively expensive process, and poor cold weather performance of biodiesel derived from tallow, and achieves the effect of improving cold weather performance and improving cold weather performan

Inactive Publication Date: 2007-02-22
G O E ENTERPRISES
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0017] In accordance with a principal aspect of the invention there is provided a process including providing a cracking apparatus, the apparatus comprising a cracking vessel, the vessel in communication with a heating source for heating the tallow, a distillation column in communication with the vessel, and a condenser in communication with the distillation column; supplying the cracking vessel with a source of tallow; heating the tallow to a cracking temperature; cracking the tallow to a mixture of lighter molecular weight compounds; separat

Problems solved by technology

The process is simple but cumbersome and relatively expensive though no pollution is created through this process.
However, the resulting fuels are not identical and tallow derived biodiesel has very limited practical use that results from its poor cold weather performance.
Biodiesel derived from tallow has much poorer cold weather performance than the vegetabl

Method used

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  • Process for converting tallow to diesel fuel

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

example one

[0035] The tallow was purchased per the specifications provided by the British Government from a company, Taylor By Products, in Pennsylvania and trucked down to Charleston. As the tallow was solid, steam was applied to the truck heating system which brought the tallow to a liquid at 160° F. The tallow was processed as a single feedstock stream. The processing yields were 83% #2 diesel fuel with flash point of 145° F. and perfect distillation curve. The pour point was measured down to −18° F. and the end product was almost clear. The lowest temperature for attained was only −18° F. as it was the lowest temperature achievable on site. The actual pour point is expected to be lower. The tallow-derived product had no sulphur at all and it is anticipated that the mixture for biodiesel should be something on the order of 40% tallow diesel mixed with refined mineral diesel, i.e., diesel purchased to blend with or diesel made from waste oils as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,885,999.

example two

[0036] In order to gain greater detail on the resulting product a laboratory scale process was set up mimicking the foregoing conditions.

Laboratory Methodology

[0037] 1. A flow microreactor (11.5 mm×400 mm) was used for all studies. As the flow rates of the feed material were low, we used N2 as the co-feed to feed tallow in the reactor. Similar techniques have been used in earlier similar type of work. This technique helped to distribute the feed material evenly as well as it prevents any thermal gradients in the reactor. FIG. 1 shows a simple schematic diagram of the reactor set up. [0038] Also, by varying the co-feed N2 flow, the residence time in the reactor could be varied. Residence time also was an important variable. [0039] Temperature was the major variable for this study with a thermal cracking over the temperature range 200-600° C. [0040] Several runs were carried out at 800° C. to determine the final pyrolysis gaseous products as well. The objective was to optimize the ...

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Abstract

A process for thermally cracking virgin or waste animal oils (tallow) into a diesel fuel product is provided. The thermal cracking process uses low cracking temperatures from 625 to 725° F. with ambient pressure and no catalyst to generate a column distilled fraction of diesel fuel mixed with light ends, the light ends being flashed off to produce a high quality #2 diesel fuel suitable for road use. The oils to be distilled are exposed to a heat exchanger with a skin temperature of 1750° F. generated by hot air produced by a thermal oxidizer. This results in the processed product going from a liquid to a liguid/gas during the pump around residence time of 3 to 5 seconds before moving up a distillation column as a gas to the desired finished product.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0001] 1. Field of the Invention [0002] The present invention relates generally to the field of fuel for internal combustion engines, and specifically concerns a process for converting virgin or used animal fats or oils, called tallow, to a useable fuel source. [0003] 2. Description of the Prior Art [0004] Edible oils are essential for the human diet and therefore their use for other purposes has not received much attention. During and after World War II several studies on the pyrolysis of vegetable oils were carried out using the resulting products as fuel. In the late 1970's, Mobil researchers showed that a variety of biomass substrates could be catalytically converted to liquid aromatic hydrocarbons and olefins using a shape selective ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst. One of the feedstocks tried was corn oil, an unsaturated triglyceride vegetable oil. The hydrocarbon end products from this oil represent clean premium fuels: LPG, high octane gasoline with a high ...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C10L1/18
CPCC10G2300/1011C10L1/026C10G2400/04Y02P30/20
Inventor CARROWAY, WILLIAM
Owner G O E ENTERPRISES
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