Compositions for improved ceramic armor

Inactive Publication Date: 2010-09-23
BAE SYST ADVANCED CERAMICS
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0024]It is a still further object of the present invention to provide such a ballistic material t

Problems solved by technology

The compositions with improved performance included those with trace amounts of oxides generally not considered sufficient for purposes of toughening the materials.
These defects result in en

Method used

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  • Compositions for improved ceramic armor
  • Compositions for improved ceramic armor
  • Compositions for improved ceramic armor

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Embodiment Construction

[0031]To improve the performance of Silicon Carbide for ballistic applications, Applicants produced composites from starting composition SiC+sintering additive+ZrO2 that reacts to SiC+ZrC. ZrO2 is one of several metal or transition metal oxides that form stable carbides when reacted with SiC at high temperatures. ZrC has moderate strength, high hardness, and high toughness. ZrC, though not used as a ballistic material, because of high density and cost, shares some of the characteristics of an armor material in showing good strength with high hardness. In limited studies, ZrO2 / ZrC has been added to SiC in amounts of greater than 5 wt. % for the purposes of toughening. It should be noted that the reaction of ZrO2 to ZrC reduces the molecular weight of the zirconium containing compound from 123.2 g to 103.2 g and the molar volume from 22 cc to 15.3 cc. As such, this reaction has the effect of reducing the weight and volume percent of zirconium containing compound.

[0032]In this work, it...

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Abstract

The present invention contemplates the addition of zirconium compounds to well known ceramic ballistic materials to increase resistance to penetration by projectiles. In the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the zirconium compound that is employed consists of ZrO2 and is provided in the range of about 0.1% to about 11%, by weight, of starting material before densification. Preferred ranges of proportion of ZrO2 in the finished ceramic material are in the ranges of about 0.30% to about 0.75%, by weight, or about 8-9%, by weight. The ballistic material using the combination of SiC with low volume of sintering aid and ZrO2 raises the theoretical density of the ceramic material to between 3.225 and 3.40 g/cc, which is slightly higher than the typical 3.22 g/cc theoretical density for hot pressed fully dense SiC. The unexpected result that accrues through combining silicon carbide and zirconia consists of the creation of controlled defects in the finished ceramic that increase the surface area that is fractured during a ballistic event, enhancing spreading of the forces imposed on the ceramic material by a projectile and, as a result, the ability of the ballistic material to withstand higher forces while resisting penetration.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0001]The present invention relates to compositions for improved ceramic armor. Dense silicon carbide ceramics have been shown to be an effective means to protect against a wide variety of ballistic threats because of their combination of high hardness, strength and stiffness with low bulk density and favorable pulverization characteristics upon impact. Dense silicon carbide is typically produced using the following method steps:[0002]1. Mixing fine silicon carbide powders with a sintering aid.[0003]2. Drying the powder and if necessary adding processing aids to it.[0004]3. Green forming the powders into a shape so that individual powder grains are in close contact with each other and the shape is retained after forming. Common forming techniques are slip casting, dry pressing, and extrusion.[0005]4. Removing the processing aids such as binders by heat treatment.[0006]5. Densification of the ceramic part by sintering, hot pressing, hot isostatic pressing (...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C04B35/565C04B35/56
CPCC04B35/575C04B2235/3225C04B2235/3244C04B2235/3246C04B2235/383C04B2235/80C04B2235/3839C04B2235/3865C04B2235/77C04B2235/786C04B2235/3834
Inventor ASHKIN, DANIELPALICKA, RICHARD
Owner BAE SYST ADVANCED CERAMICS
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