Activation of innate and adaptive immune responses by a ginseng extract

Inactive Publication Date: 2011-04-14
AFEXA LIFE SCI
View PDF8 Cites 3 Cited by
  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0049]Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent in view of the description, which follows. It should be understood, however, that the detailed description and the specific examples, while indicating preferred embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration only, since various changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from this detailed description.

Problems solved by technology

PAMPs are essential for microbial survival and any mutation or loss of PAMPs is either lethal for the organism or greatly reduces their adaptive fitness.
Allergies are specifically characterized by excessive activation of white blood cells called mast cells and basophils by IgE, resulting in an extreme inflammatory response.
These chemical mediators cause the symptoms associated with allergies, including wheezing, sneezing, runny eyes and itching.
An asthma exacerbation is a serious deterioration in the lung function of a patient often resulting in hospitalization and even death.
The muscles of the bronchial walls tighten, and cells in the lungs produce extra mucus further narrowing the airways, causing minor wheezing to severe difficulty in breathing.
Asthma is often triggered by a respiratory viral infection, such as the common cold, but other irritants such as cigarette smoke, dust mites, animal dander, plant pollen, air pollution, deodorants and perfume can make asthma symptoms more frequent, severe, and uncontrollable.
In children, being atopic and having a virus infection are both major risk factors for being admitted to a hospital for a wheezing illness.
While the clinical importance of asthma attacks and specifically viral exacerbation of asthma is clear, the reasons why patients with asthma become so ill after common cold viruses remains poorly understood.
The finding of eosinophils in airway during asthma exacerbation becomes somewhat paradoxical, considering that these exacerbations are often triggered by viral infection.
Western physicians have been reluctant to prescribe herbal medicines due to lack of scientific research of their preventative and therapeutic properties.

Method used

the structure of the environmentally friendly knitted fabric provided by the present invention; figure 2 Flow chart of the yarn wrapping machine for environmentally friendly knitted fabrics and storage devices; image 3 Is the parameter map of the yarn covering machine
View more

Image

Smart Image Click on the blue labels to locate them in the text.
Viewing Examples
Smart Image
  • Activation of innate and adaptive immune responses by a ginseng extract
  • Activation of innate and adaptive immune responses by a ginseng extract
  • Activation of innate and adaptive immune responses by a ginseng extract

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

Effect of CVT-E002 on Virus Replication In Vitro

[0097]The ability of various doses of CVT-E002 to inhibit virus replication in murine monocytic cells in vitro was investigated. Various doses (0, 10, 100 and 500 μg / ml) of CVT-E002 and HT-1001 (an exemplary ginseng fraction comprising ginsenosides Rb1 and Rg1 and described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,083,932) as control (250-2000 μg) were dissolved in PBS buffer and diluted to final concentrations in complete tissue culture medium and added to RAW-264 murine macrophage cells at 37° C. in vitro. Following treatment of the cells for 24 or 48 hours, treated and untreated cell cultures were exposed to herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) or vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). Virus replication was assessed using plaque assays. Supernatants of CVT-E002 and control cultures were collected at various times following treatment and assessed for type I IFNs, TNFα, IL-6 and nitric oxide (NO) using ELISA. Significantly elevated levels of IL-6 (FIG. 8A), IFNβ...

example 2

Mechanism by which Anti-Viral Activity is Induced by CVT-E002

[0099]Dendritic cells (DCs) were co-cultured with lymphocytes and flowcytometry was used to characterize the lymphocytes. LPS stimulation was used as a positive control. RSV and PIV were found to induce proliferation of CD3+CD4+CD25+ T cells in the presence of dendritic cells (DCs) (FIG. 4, n=3 each). Compared to uninfected DCs cultured with lymphocytes, RSV induces production of interferons α and γ, TNF α, RANTES, IL-1, 2, 4, 10, 12, 13, and 15 (FIG. 5, n=1). The data are represented in relation to respective uninfected controls (given a value of 1). CVT-E002 with T cells alone induced release of IFNγ and IL12. CVT-E002 with DCs alone induced release of TNF, IFNγ, IL-1, 10, 12, and 15. Adding CVT-E002 to the cell culture with virus greatly augmented the cytokine / chemokine release. In addition, compared to uninfected cells, CVT-E002 could induce lymphocyte proliferation in the presence of DCs without virus (FIG. 6).

example 3

Effect of CVT-E002 on Dendritic Cell Function

[0100]Dendritic cells (DCs) were derived from blood monocytes by treatment with GM-CSF and IL-4 for seven days. DCs were incubated in the presence or absence of 5 mg / ml self-quenched DQ-Ovalbumin (DQ-OVA) and CVT-E002. DQ-OVA is a fluorescent dye attached to ovalbumin. DQ-OVA's fluorescence is quenched as an intact molecule, but when degraded through antigen presentation by DCs, the fluorescent dye is released and emission is allowed.

[0101]FIG. 7A shows the subpopulations of cells. “DC-like” cells are consistent by size and granularity with mature dendritic cells while “Not DC” are immature DC as well as differentiation-refractant monocytes and T-cells. LPS-treated cells were used as a positive control for DC maturation. Using flow cytometry to determine size and granularity, there appeared to be a subpopulation of monocytes, which are believed to represent an immature phenotype (Not-DC) as compared to the mature DC (DC-like). This impres...

the structure of the environmentally friendly knitted fabric provided by the present invention; figure 2 Flow chart of the yarn wrapping machine for environmentally friendly knitted fabrics and storage devices; image 3 Is the parameter map of the yarn covering machine
Login to view more

PUM

PropertyMeasurementUnit
Fractionaaaaaaaaaa
Login to view more

Abstract

The invention is directed to ginseng fractions and methods for activating innate and adaptive immune responses to prevent, treat or ameliorate a condition in a subject by administering to the subject an effective amount of a ginseng traction, a pharmaceutical composition comprising the fraction in combination with another medicament or with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, or a food item comprising the fraction. The fraction may be made from Panax quinquefolius' or may be selected from CVT-E002, PQ2, PQ223 and purified fractions from CVT-E002, PQ2 and PQ223.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0001]This invention relates to ginseng fractions and methods for activating innate and adaptive immune responses to prevent, treat or ameliorate a condition in a subject by administering to the subject an effective amount of a ginseng fraction, a pharmaceutical composition or food item comprising the fraction. Such conditions include allergies, asthma, viral and microbial infections, and cancer. The ginseng fractions may be used as vaccine adjuvants.BACKGROUND[0002]A proprietary water soluble extract from the roots of North American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium), CVT-E002, is commercially available as COLD-FX™. This extract differs from other Asian or American ginseng products in the content of polysaccharides and ginsenosides, primarily consisting of poly-furanosyl-pyranosyl-saccharides. Batch-to-batch quality of the product is certified by ChemBioPrint™ technology, which assures its chemical as well as pharmacological consistency. This proprietary natural ex...

Claims

the structure of the environmentally friendly knitted fabric provided by the present invention; figure 2 Flow chart of the yarn wrapping machine for environmentally friendly knitted fabrics and storage devices; image 3 Is the parameter map of the yarn covering machine
Login to view more

Application Information

Patent Timeline
no application Login to view more
IPC IPC(8): A61K36/258A61P37/08A61P11/06A61P35/00A61P31/12A61P31/16A61P31/18
CPCA61K36/258A61K36/25A61P11/06A61P31/04A61P31/12A61P31/16A61P31/18A61P31/22A61P35/00A61P37/04A61P37/08A61P43/00
Inventor ADAMKO, DARRYL J.ROSENTHAL, KENNETH L.SHAN, JACQUELINEWU, YINGQISUTHERLAND, SHARLA
Owner AFEXA LIFE SCI
Who we serve
  • R&D Engineer
  • R&D Manager
  • IP Professional
Why Eureka
  • Industry Leading Data Capabilities
  • Powerful AI technology
  • Patent DNA Extraction
Social media
Try Eureka
PatSnap group products

Browse by: Latest US Patents, China's latest patents, Technical Efficacy Thesaurus, Application Domain, Technology Topic.

© 2024 PatSnap. All rights reserved.Legal|Privacy policy|Modern Slavery Act Transparency Statement|Sitemap