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Process and system for converting waste to energy without burning

a technology of waste and energy conversion, applied in the direction of energy input, combustible gas production, combustible gas purification/modification, etc., can solve the problems of inefficient heat loss of process units, extreme sensitivity to various unknown chemical poisons, etc., and achieve the effect of large carbon dioxide emissions

Inactive Publication Date: 2015-05-07
INTELLERGY INC
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

This patent is about a way to recover energy from waste steam / CO2 reformers without burning the waste and consuming oxygen. Instead, it uses highly exothermic chemical reactors to produce large amounts of heat. This invention also focuses on controlling or eliminating emissions of greenhouse gases in order to produce energy in a carbonless world economy.

Problems solved by technology

The challenge and problem with fuel cells has been their extreme sensitivity to various unknown chemical poisons at parts per million levels coming from the waste streams from harming the electrochemical catalysts of the high temperature fuel cells.
The problem is that the kiln was operated at a high temperature, followed by an even higher temperature steam / CO2 reformer which is then followed by the desulfurizer and high temperature filter—all energy-inefficient from heat losses from the process units themselves and from the complex of hot process piping.
Also this was expensive, as well.

Method used

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  • Process and system for converting waste to energy without burning
  • Process and system for converting waste to energy without burning
  • Process and system for converting waste to energy without burning

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example # 1

Example #1

Stoichiometric Steam

[0035]

C1H1.67O0.47+0.53H2O→CO+1.36H2

[0036]In this case 1 kg of waste will yield 1.45 kg of syngas.

example # 2

Example #2

Superstoichiometric in CO2 and C2H4

[0037]By contrast, here is the improved reforming reaction which involves a substoichiometric amount of steam but has the light hydrocarbon Fischer-Tropsch and shift / PSA overhead represented for simplicity by C2H4, plus CO2 and H2, added.

C1H1.67O0.47+0.55C2H4+0.69H2+1.5CO2+0.04H2O→3.68CO+2.67H2  [1]

[0038]In this case, 1 kg of waste will yield 5.11 kg of syngas, which is a very significant 350% increase in the mass of syngas product formed from a given mass of waste.

[0039]This achieves the formation only of CO and H2, and thus is stoichiometric which respect to the combination of steam plus CO2 plus C2H4. Thus, less steam (i.e. sub-stoichiometric) is required and greenhouse-problematic light hydrocarbons and CO2 can be used in large amounts to achieve overall the stoichiometric conversion to syngas desired with a preferred H2 / CO ratio around 0.73. CH4, C3H8 or other light hydrocarbons are actually involved in the real world in combination...

example # 3

Example #3

CO7 Enriched Syngas

[0049]A further improvement in the reforming reaction which involves a substoichiometric amount of steam but has the light hydrocarbon Fischer-Tropsch and shift / PSA overhead represented for simplicity by C2H4, plus CO2 and H2, added.

C1H1.67O0.47+0.2567C2H4+0.2CO2+1.434H2O→1.123CO+0.591CO2+3.029H2

[0050]In this case, the reformation reaction is allowed to form CO2 in the syngas, such that the stoichiometric ratio of (H2—CO2) / (CO+CO2)=1.42 which is favorable for the Fischer-Tropsch reaction as follows:

1.123CO+0.591CO2+3.029H2→0.0757C20H30+0.2CO2+1.904H2O

[0051]This achieves an increase in the amount of paraffin formed and greenhouse-problematic light hydrocarbons and CO2 are entirely recycle back into the reformer, with a small portion of the water condensed as product water. Thus, the use of Fischer-Tropsch is further simplified. As before, the CH4 is produced as the major part of the waste light gases coming off the tops of the Fischer-Tropsch gravity sep...

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Abstract

This invention relates to a power recovery process in waste steam / CO2 reformers whereby a waste stream can be made to release energy without having to burn the waste or the syngas. This invention does not make use of fuel cells as its critical component but makes use of highly exothermic chemical reactors using syngas to produce large amounts of heat, such as Fischer-Tropsch. It also relates to control or elimination of the emissions of greenhouse gases in the power recovery process of this invention with the goal of producing energy in the future carbonless world economy. A New Concept for a duplex kiln was developed that has the combined functionality of steam / CO2 reforming, heat transfer, solids removal, filtration, and heat recovery. New methods of carbon-sequestering where the syngas produced by steam / CO2 reforming can be used in Fischer-Tropsch processes that make high-carbon content compounds while recycling the methane and lighter hydrocarbons back to the reformer to further produce syngas at a higher H2 / CO ratio.

Description

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION[0001]This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12 / 287,996, filed Oct. 14, 2008, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 8,858,900, incorporated herein by reference.FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0002]This application involves related subject matter to U.S. Patent Application No. 60 / 749,306, was filed Dec. 12, 2005, incorporated herein by reference.[0003]The invention relates to a process and system in which a waste stream can be made to release energy without having to burn the waste or the syngas and consume oxygen and have large carbon dioxide emissions. At the same time the waste can be converted into a carbon-containing fertilizer, hydrogen fuel, and a carbon-sequestering, high-carbon content product of important commercial value, such as unsaturated, high-density paraffin.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0004]The process and system for carrying out the steam / CO2 reforming chemistry to accomplish this has been patented by the author (U....

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): F24J1/00C10J3/20C10J3/84F24V30/00
CPCF24J1/00C10J2200/09C10J3/20C10J3/84B01J8/10B01J8/006B01J8/009B01J8/0271C01B3/34C01B3/48B01J2208/00309B01J2208/00415B01J2208/0053B01J2208/00752B01J2219/0004C01B2203/0216C01B2203/0222C01B2203/0283C01B2203/043C01B2203/0475C01B2203/062C01B2203/0894C01B2203/148C10G2/30C10G2300/4043C10G2300/4081C10J3/007C10K3/04C10J2300/1246C10J2300/1853C10K1/002C10K1/024C10K1/04C10K1/32C10G2/332Y02P20/145Y02P20/129F24V30/00C10G2/32Y02P30/00Y02P30/40Y02E50/10
Inventor GALLOWAY, TERRY R.
Owner INTELLERGY INC
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