The invention relates to a lightning protection system integrating lightning protection and recording, including a lightning protection unit, a residual voltage detection unit and a lightning countingunit. One lightning protection unit is arranged at the highest position of each lightning protection area. The lightning protection unit is connected with one residual voltage detection unit. At least one lightning counting unit is arranged in the lightning protection area. According to the invention, the lightning protection unit is installed at the top of the highest building within a protection scope, such as a high-rise building, a television tower, a power tower, a wireless telecommunication transmission tower, a tower rack in a tourist attraction or a chimney. Energy is accumulated by using equal-height lightning receiving rods arranged at the upper end, and charges are neutralized around the insulating medium, so that the thundercloud energy is consumed within the effective radiusaround the equipment, and no downlink discharge channel is formed. The residual voltage after lightning protection is less than or close to 120 volts and is extremely lower than the voltage released by lightning stroke under normal conditions. Therefore, the work safety of electrical equipment and communication facilities inside, outside and around the building is ensured.