APD single photon detection circuit module

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of quantum security communication, specifically to a circuit module by APD single photon detection. The circuit module includes an input signal processing and gate pulse generating circuit, a bias generating circuit, an avalanche discriminator circuit, a digital-analog conversion circuit and an output signal processing circuit, wherein, the gate control pulse generated by the input signal processing and gate pulse generating circuit is narrow pulse. The invention has the advantages that: by adopting an inhibit mode of capacitance balance differential comparison, the invention can realize single photon detection of high signal-to-noise ration at a very narrow detection gate; even with the same narrow detection gate, the invention can also obtain a high signal-to-noise ratio; each part of the circuit is stable and reliable; the invention can realize low-noise detection of single photon in near infrared band, with high detection efficiency, low noise and high precision of detection time.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to quantum security communication, specifically, it is a circuit module for setting various working parameters of InGaAs / InP APD (avalanche photodiode) and detecting and extracting weak signals, so as to realize the detection of single photons in the near-infrared band. Background technique [0002] A key technology in quantum secure communication system is to realize single photon detection in three low-loss windows of optical fiber communication (namely 850nm 1310nm 1550nm). In these three windows of communication, the energy of a single photon is in the order of 10E-19j, reaching the limit of the detection sensitivity of the detector. While continuing to develop and develop photodetectors with new structures with higher sensitivity, research has discovered and improved the control and drive technology of APDs, and single-photon detection can also be achieved with existing APDs on the market. At present, the quantum security co...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] Although the research on APD detection has been very in-depth, there is no very effective method to achieve a breakthrough in the signal-to-noise ratio. The general scheme based on the gate mode generally adopts the method of increasing the bias voltage and increasing the avalanche amplitude for comparison. The noise ratio is not high, and the impact of the after pulse is large

Other schemes, such as the dual APD balance scheme, etc., most of them are in the stage of experimental trial production, the scheme is incomplete, and the cost is high. Only a few companies can provide practical detection circuit modules based on different schemes, but the circuit is complex and the volume is very large. Big

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