Single-bed self-heating type thermal decomposition gasification combustion reactor and thermal decomposition gasification combustion method

Abstract

The invention relates to a single bed self-heating pyrolytic gasification combustion reactor and a pyrolytic gasification combustion method and is characterized in that pyrolytic / gasification reaction and combustion are separated in a reactor; the heat in a combustion area is transferred to a pyrolytic / gasification area with the help of the internal circulation of a heat carrier; solid fuels are brought into a guide tube (4) by the pyrolytic gas which forms high speed jets when entering the guide tube to entrain high temperature inert bed materials in a combustion bed and enter the guide tube from a lower entrainment hole (1); the solid fuels are rapidly heated in the guide tube to the temperature of 450 to 950 DEG C which is needed by the pyrolysis and gasification so as to generate the reaction product gas such as carbon monoxide and hydrogen discharged from an export of the pyrolytic bed; the residual carbocoal and inert bed materials are separated in the pyrolytic bed (5) in an inertial way and enter an annular gap material leg (3) of the guide tube and a separated vertical tube after falling to a conical partition plate (6) and then go into the combustion bed (2) to form particle internal circulation; the bed materials and char discharged from the reactor are resent into the combustion bed to be reused through a feeding back device.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of solid fuel pyrolysis combustion, and relates to a novel single-bed self-heating pyrolysis / gasification / combustion method and device. Background technique [0002] Solid fuels (coal, biomass, etc.) are the main components of the world's energy, and the carbon dioxide produced by their combustion is the main source of global greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, the efficient and clean use of solid fuels is a major technical issue in the field of energy and the environment today. It is one of the key factors related to the sustainable development of the national economy. Solid fuel pyrolysis gasification can produce synthesis gas (carbon monoxide and hydrogen). Synthesis gas is an important chemical gas. It can be produced by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis to oil, and natural gas by methanation reaction, especially by removing carbon dioxide through water vapor shift reaction. High-purity hydrogen, reducing carbon dioxide...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

This brings some problems: if the air is used as the oxidant, a large amount of N in the air 2 The product gas is diluted, resulting in low carbon monoxide and hydrogen content in the gas generated by the reaction, and the calorific value is also low. It can only be used as fuel gas and cannot be used as synthesis gas; if pure oxygen is used, although there is no N in the product gas 2 , but the oxygen production process has high energy consumption and huge investment in equipment, and the economy is poor

However, this double-bed form has problems such as complex structure and difficult control of heat carrier circulation.

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