Rail tread defect rapid scanning and detecting method and device thereof

A technology for scanning devices and rails, applied to measuring devices, using sound waves/ultrasonic waves/infrasonic waves to analyze solids, instruments, etc., can solve the problems of slow detection speed and difficulty in detection, and achieve long detection distance, simple structure, and environmental adaptation powerful effect

Inactive Publication Date: 2009-04-01
HARBIN INST OF TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Rail defects caused by RCF generally occur on the rail tread and expand continuously, and are not easy to find
Although eddy current testing can detect tread defects, this method belongs to point-by-point detection, and the detection speed is slow

Method used

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  • Rail tread defect rapid scanning and detecting method and device thereof
  • Rail tread defect rapid scanning and detecting method and device thereof
  • Rail tread defect rapid scanning and detecting method and device thereof

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0036] Embodiment 1, combining figure 1 , the present invention is a rapid scanning device for rail tread defects, which is composed of an ultrasonic detection unit (7), a circuit system (9), a storage unit (5) and a display unit (6). The ultrasonic detection unit (7) is connected to the circuit system (9), and the circuit system (9) is respectively connected to the storage unit (5) and the display unit (6). The circuit system (9) includes a transmitting circuit (1), a receiving circuit (2), an AD conversion circuit (3) and a microprocessor (4). The transmitting circuit (1) is connected to the microprocessor (4), the microprocessor (4) is connected to the AD conversion circuit (3), and the AD conversion circuit (3) is connected to the receiving circuit (2). The ultrasonic detection unit 7 is composed of an ultrasonic probe A and an ultrasonic probe B, and the ultrasonic probe A and the ultrasonic probe B are arranged on the rail tread.

[0037] The present invention provides...

Embodiment 2

[0050] Example 2, combined with figure 2 , the ultrasonic detection unit (7) is composed of an ultrasonic probe A with a function of transmitting and receiving and an ultrasonic probe B with a receiving function, and has a function of sending and receiving twice. Among them, ultrasonic probe A is designed according to phased array technology, which can ensure that ultrasonic surface waves are emitted to one side, and avoid misjudgment of defect identification caused by ultrasonic waves emitted in two directions.

[0051] The working process of the detection device is as follows: the microprocessor (4) sends a control signal to the transmitting circuit (1), and the transmitting circuit (1) drives the ultrasonic probe A to emit ultrasonic surface waves. The ultrasonic surface wave propagates in the rail with a propagation speed of about 3000m / s, and will attenuate when it encounters a defect. Ultrasonic probe A receives reflected echoes, and ultrasonic probe B receives transmi...

Embodiment 3

[0052] Example 3, combined with figure 2 , image 3 , The working principle of the ultrasonic surface wave described in the present invention is that the ultrasonic surface wave propagating along the surface of the measured object can be conveniently generated by using a special meandering coil. Such as figure 2 As shown, the ultrasonic transducer is placed on the rail tread, and the periodically transformed current is passed through the transmitting coil, and the tread can generate ultrasonic surface waves that propagate along the length of the rail; Attenuation occurs on the surface, and the position and size of the defect can be easily determined by measuring the time and intensity of the reflected echo and the attenuation degree of the transmitted wave. The propagation speed of ultrasonic surface wave in the rail is about 3000m / s, and the attenuation is small during the propagation process, which can realize the rapid scanning of rail tread defects.

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the electromagnetic ultrasonic non-destructive detection field, provides a method for fast scanning the defects of the tread of a steel rail, and a device thereof, and aims at solving various problems that the existing steel rail detection mode is insensitive to the surface defects and has low detection speed and meeting the need of the development of the high-speed electrified railway. The device consists of a probe, a circuit system, a storage unit and a display unit. The detection device has high quantized precision to the defects by using an electromagnetic ultrasonic surface wave, adopting a probe mode with one sending and two receiving and using the mode of combining a pulse reflection method and a transmission method. The detection method does not need to use an acoustic couplant, has simple structure and strong adaptive capacity to environment and can realize fast scanning to the defects of the tread of the steel rail.

Description

(1) Technical field [0001] The invention relates to ultrasonic detection technology, in particular to a rapid scanning method and device for rail tread defects. (2) Background technology [0002] The railway is the main artery of the national economy, and railway safety plays a decisive role in the healthy development of social and economic construction and social coordination and stability. Safe transportation is the eternal theme of railways. However, as high speeds and mixed heavy loads become more and more common, rail damage is becoming more and more serious, and there are many forms of rail defects, among which rail cracking caused by rolling contact fatigue (RCF) affects driving safety. Key factor. Rail defects caused by RCF generally occur on the rail tread and expand continuously, and are not easy to find. When it is serious, it will cause cracking of the rail and cause a major safety accident. [0003] The existing rail detection technology is mainly based on p...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): G01N29/11G01N29/04G01B17/06
Inventor 翟国富刘贵栋汪开灿冯剑钊李冰黄超王淑娟
Owner HARBIN INST OF TECH
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