39results about "Measurement with semiconductor devices" patented technology

A radiation dose quantification method and system, the method comprising: detecting, with one or more detectors with respective sensitive volumes, gamma-rays emitted as a result of capture of neutrons by a composition in a subject subjected to an irradiation program, the composition comprising one or more thermal neutron capture agents, the neutrons having been generated by non-elastic collisions between a primary beam of particles and nuclei in the subject, wherein the particles consist of any one or more of protons, deuterons, tritons and heavy ions, the irradiation program comprises at least one period of irradiation with a beam duration that includes beam-on periods and beam-off periods; applying at least one predefined energy window or filter configured to accept only detection events in the one or more detectors resulting from gamma-rays with an energy indicative of selected gamma-rays arising from the capture of thermal neutrons by the one or more thermal neutron capture agents, wherein the thermal neutrons are neutrons with energies below approximately 0.4 eV; applying a timing window configured to reject or ignore detection events in the one or more detectors resulting from at least prompt gamma-rays produced in non-neutron capture events; and determining the radiation dose of neutron radiation received by the subject during the irradiation program from at least the accepted detection events or determining a dose map of the radiation received by the subject from at least the accepted detection events.

This invention relates to the field of neutron dose monitoring, specifically to a method and apparatus for monitoring the dose equivalent around neutrons over a wide energy range. The apparatus includes an outer moderator, a thermal neutron absorbing layer, a high-energy neutron compensation layer, and an inner moderator. The high-energy neutron compensation layer is composed of a heavy metal material capable of undergoing a significant neutron multiplication reaction with ultra-high-energy neutrons. The thermal neutron detector is a radiation-resistant solid-state semiconductor detector, comprising a silicon carbide semiconductor substrate and an enrichment layer closely adhering to its surface. 6 The device is equipped with a lithium fluoride thermal neutron converter; an initial thermal neutron detector group is deployed within the device to collect thermal neutron fluence information under different slowing degrees; based on the initial thermal neutron detector group, position optimization and weight coefficient output are performed, and multiple groups of thermal neutron detectors in the first depth order are selected to make the total dose response flat in a wide energy range for dose equivalent monitoring.

A tape includes a plurality of superconducting elements, such as pixels, distributed along a longitudinal direction of the tape. The tape has a size along a first dimension, such as a thickness, which is at least 10 times smaller, than a size along a second dimension, such as a width, and where the size along the second dimension, such as the width, is at least 10 times smaller, than a size along a third dimension, such as a length. There is also presented a use of the tape, a method of manufacture of the tape, and a bolometer and / or a kinetic inductance detector comprising the tape.

A radiation dose quantification method and system, the method comprising: detecting, with one or more detectors with respective sensitive volumes, gamma-rays emitted as a result of capture of neutrons by a composition in a subject subjected to an irradiation program, the composition comprising one or more thermal neutron capture agents, the neutrons having been generated by non-elastic collisions between a primary beam of particles and nuclei in the subject, wherein the particles consist of any one or more of protons, deuterons, tritons and heavy ions, the irradiation program comprises at least one period of irradiation with a beam duration that includes beam-on periods and beam-off periods; applying at least one predefined energy window or filter configured to accept only detection events in the one or more detectors resulting from gamma-rays with an energy indicative of selected gamma-rays arising from the capture of thermal neutrons by the one or more thermal neutron capture agents, wherein the thermal neutrons are neutrons with energies below approximately 0.4 eV; applying a timing window configured to reject or ignore detection events in the one or more detectors resulting from at least prompt gamma-rays produced in non-neutron capture events; and determining the radiation dose of neutron radiation received by the subject during the irradiation program from at least the accepted detection events or determining a dose map of the radiation received by the subject from at least the accepted detection events.

The invention discloses a monitoring device and an experimental device for a neutron poison layer in a spent fuel bearing device, and relates to the technical field of nuclear chemical engineering, the monitoring device comprises a first support and a second support, the bottoms of the first support and the second support are respectively provided with a moving device, and the first support and the second support are arranged in parallel at an interval; the radiation device is connected to the first support, the radiation end of the radiation device faces the second support, and the radiation end is provided with a first moderation layer; the detection device is connected to the second support, the detection device is provided with a second moderation layer, and a plurality of detectors are sequentially inserted into the second moderation layer. According to the technical scheme, the radiation device and the detection device are supported through the first support and the second support respectively, the radiation device and the detection device can move relatively through the moving device, and the monitoring device can flexibly monitor neutron poison layers at different positions of the spent fuel bearing device.

The application provides a parameterized real-time measurement method for field neutron energy spectrum and dose, which comprises the following steps: using a three-section function model to represent the field neutron energy spectrum; constructing simulated field neutron energy spectrums of multiple moderation levels, and using a detector to measure and calculate a thermal-fast ratio; simulating and calculating the simulated field neutron energy spectrum of a test point by using a Monte Carlo model to obtain model parameters; establishing a corresponding relationship between the model parameters and the thermal-fast ratio; measuring the fast neutron pulse count rate and the thermal neutron pulse count rate by using the detector in the field, determining the value of the model parameters by looking up a table or interpolation, and the like according to the corresponding relationship between the model parameters and the thermal-fast ratio; calculating the field neutron energy spectrum according to the model parameters, and calculating the field neutron dose by using the field neutron energy spectrum and a neutron fluence-dose conversion coefficient.

The invention discloses a wide-range neutron measurement method, and belongs to the technical field of neutron detection and measurement, and the method comprises the steps: selecting a wide bandgap semiconductor material, an electrode metal material, a neutron conversion material and a neutron conversion material coating method, obtaining a wide bandgap semiconductor radiation detector coated with the neutron conversion material, and taking the wide bandgap semiconductor radiation detector as a neutron detector; a neutron detector is connected with a pre-amplifier, the pre-amplifier is connected with a rear-end digital sampling circuit, the rear-end digital sampling circuit processes pulse waveforms output by the pre-amplifier, and digital pulse signals are output; processing the digital pulse signal by using a pulse counting method and a Campbell method in upper computer software to obtain a pulse counting rate value and a Campbell value, and calculating neutron fluence rates obtained by the two methods; and obtaining the neutron fluence rate as an output result by adopting different methods according to the size of the neutron fluence rate. According to the invention, a neutron fluence rate measurement system with a small size, high temperature resistance, radiation resistance and a wide range can be obtained, and real-time accurate measurement under the condition of large-range change of the neutron fluence rate is realized.

A neutron flux detector comprising a source material and a solid state radiation detector is disclosed. The source material is configured to produce gamma photons greater than or equal to 6.8 MeV during neutron capture. The solid state radiation detector comprises a Schottky diode and an emitter layer comprising a Compton and photoelectron source material. The emitter layer is configured to receive the gamma photons produced by the source material. The emitter layer is spaced apart from the Schottky diode a distance such that a gap is defined between the emitter layer and the Schottky diode. The distance is selected such that only electrons produced by the emitter layer as a result of the emitter layer absorbing the gamma photons will contribute to a measured output signal of the Schottky diode.

The neutron beam detection device of the present application is provided with: a first solar cell type detector, which has a conversion film attached to its surface that converts neutrons into any one of a charged particle beam of a photon, an alpha particle, a proton, a lithium nucleus, a gamma ray, and a beta ray, and generates a current by incident radiation; a radiation detector that generates a current having no sensitivity to neutrons as an output signal due to radiation incident; a current measurer that detects the current generated by the first solar cell type detector and the current generated by the radiation detector due to radiation incident as signals; and a flux calculation section that compares the current signals from the detector detected by the current measurer. The flux calculation section corresponds the detected current signals from the solar cell type detector and the radiation detector to a relationship between the flux of a prescribed kind of incident radiation and the detected current from the solar cell type detector and the radiation detector, which is obtained in advance, and calculates the flux of the neutron beam.

A neutron detector comprising an optical fission chamber with a reflective optical cavity and a detection head coupled to the chamber comprising an optical lens and an optical fiber coupler. The invention relates to a neutron detector (1) comprising at least one sealed ionization chamber (2) with optical transduction, called an optical fission chamber (OFC) with a single optical cavity, the operation of which is based on optical transduction and which integrates, at one of its longitudinal ends, a window and an optical lens as an optical interface and, at the other end, a mirror to reflect photons traveling in the opposite direction to that of the window. Figure for the abstract: Fig. 9

A method of compensating for high energy radiation damage to a semiconductor, in a semiconductor-based radiation detector, the method including: (a) detecting, using the detector, a radiation signal, wherein the detector comprises the semiconductor; (b) detecting, using a temperature sensor, a temperature of the detector; (c) detecting a leakage current in the detector; (d) determining a compensated leakage current based on the detected temperature; (e) determining a high energy radiation exposure based on the compensated leakage current; (f) determining, using the detected radiation signal, a compensated radiation signal based on the determined high energy radiation exposure; and (g) outputting the compensated radiation signal.

A neutron detector for detecting neutrons with energies from meV to tens of MeV comprising one or more nitride (BN) strips electrically connected in parallel or series. In some embodiments, the two or more BN strips are stacked on one another. In other embodiments, the two or more BN strips are disposed on a substrate with a gap between the two or more BN strips.

A hybrid radiation measurement device and a neutron dose measurement method are disclosed. The hybrid radiation measurement device includes a housing and an inner core. The housing surface includes a window; a cadmium filter is placed on the window; the inner core includes a solid track detection element and a thermoluminescent element group; when the inner core is disposed within the housing, the thermoluminescent element group is located below the window, and the solid track detection element is offset from the area where the window is located; the thermoluminescent element group includes at least one incident thermoluminescent element and at least one albedo thermoluminescent element. The hybrid radiation measurement device of this application can measure both photons and neutrons.

To provide a technology that is advantageous in improving the cooling performance of a detector that detects radioactive rays and enhancing the sensitivity or the resolution of the detector.SOLUTION: A detector includes: a first member that detects a radioactive ray; a second member located around the first member; a third member having a first opening overlapping at least a part of a first region on which the first member is projected in a planar view including the first member and the second member; a fourth member having a second opening overlapping at least a part of the first region in the planar view and having higher thermal conductivity than the third member; and a penetration part provided in a third region overlapping the fourth member outside a second region on which the second member is projected in the planar view, connected to the fourth member, connected to the second member via a thermal conductive member, and having higher thermal conductivity than the third member.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1B

The invention relates to an online single-sphere neutron gamma-ray spectrum detector and a detection system. Wherein the detector comprises a spherical moderation body and a plurality of detectors; the plurality of detectors are arranged on the spherical moderator, the distances from the plurality of detectors to the sphere center of the spherical moderator are different, the plurality of detectors are arranged at the same depth from the sphere center of the spherical moderator, and the plurality of detectors at least comprise a CLYC detector. According to the invention, the plurality of detectors are arranged in the same spherical moderator, and the plurality of detectors are arranged at positions with different distances from the sphere center of the spherical moderator, so that large-range energy detection can be realized, the size is small, the weight is light, and carrying is convenient; moreover, the device comprises a CLYC detector, so that the device has the capability of detecting neutrons and gamma information at the same time.

An X-ray semiconductor detector (2) comprises a first i-type nitride semiconductor substrate (10), a second i-type nitride semiconductor substrate (15), a p-type semiconductor layer (20), an n-type semiconductor layer (22), a first electrode (25), and a second electrode (26). The first i-type nitride semiconductor substrate (10) includes a first gallium surface (11). The second i-type nitride semiconductor substrate includes a second gallium surface (17). The p-type semiconductor layer (20) is formed on the first gallium surface. The n-type semiconductor layer (22) is formed on the second gallium surface. The first electrode (25) is formed on the p-type semiconductor layer (20). The second electrode (26) is formed on the n-type semiconductor layer (22).

This invention discloses a ring-shaped trench silicon carbide neutron detector, comprising an array of ring-shaped trenches etched on the top surface of a substrate. The ring-shaped trench array includes a first ring-shaped trench and a second ring-shaped trench. The second ring-shaped trench is spaced around the periphery of the first ring-shaped trench. The first and second ring-shaped trenches are concentrically arranged with reference to the center point of the top surface of the substrate. The first and second ring-shaped trenches have the same width, and the trench spacing between the first and second ring-shaped trenches is the same as the distance of the second ring-shaped trench from the boundary of the top surface of the substrate. Both the first and second ring-shaped trenches are filled with neutron conversion material. This invention, through the construction of the ring-shaped trench array, increases the filling area of ​​the neutron conversion material and the contact area with the substrate region, thereby reducing the self-absorption effect of secondary particles and significantly improving the detection efficiency of the detector.

The invention relates to the field of neutron dose monitoring, in particular to a wide-energy-region neutron surrounding dose equivalent monitoring method and device. The device comprises an outer-layer moderator, a thermal neutron absorption layer, a high-energy neutron compensation layer and an inner-layer moderator, wherein the high-energy neutron compensation layer is made of a heavy metal material which can generate a remarkable neutron multiplication reaction with ultrahigh-energy neutrons; the thermal neutron detector is a radiation-resistant solid-state semiconductor detector and comprises a silicon carbide semiconductor substrate and a < 6 > Li-enriched lithium fluoride thermal neutron converter tightly attached to the surface of the silicon carbide semiconductor substrate; an initial thermal neutron detector group used for collecting thermal neutron fluence information under different moderation degrees is arranged in the device. And based on the initial thermal neutron detector group, performing position optimization and weight coefficient output, and selecting a plurality of groups of thermal neutron detectors in a first depth order, so that the total dose response is flat in a wide energy region and dose equivalent monitoring is performed.

The invention relates to the technical field of signal processing of neutron detectors, in particular to a neutron pulse signal collecting and counting device and method. According to the technical scheme, the neutron detector comprises a front signal source, a low-noise signal amplifier, an analog-to-digital conversion module and a signal collecting and processing unit, and the front signal source adopts a microstructure semiconductor neutron detector and is used for receiving neutron radiation and generating charge pulse signals; and the low-noise signal amplifier is connected with the front signal source and is used for amplifying the charge pulse signal. A set of complete neutron signal acquisition and processing system is constructed by integrating a microstructure semiconductor neutron detector, a three-stage low-noise amplification circuit, a high-speed analog-to-digital conversion module based on double-ADC alternate sampling and a self-adaptive digital processing algorithm, so that high sensitivity, low-noise amplification and high-speed sampling are realized, and the detection accuracy is improved. The method has excellent pulse identification precision and real-time energy spectrum reconstruction capability.

Compensating for high energy radiation damage to a semiconductor-based radiation detector. A radiation signal, temperature and leakage or dark current are detected. A compensated leakage current is determined based on the detected temperature, for example based on a polynomial relationship. A high energy radiation exposure is determined based on the compensated leakage current, for example by using a scaling factor. A compensated radiation signal based is determined based on the determined high energy radiation exposure. This may be used to determine neutron dose rates in nuclear power, reactors or decommissioning.

The present disclosure relates to a modular, lithium-doped, solid state, organic neutron multiplicity counter apparatus. In some embodiments the apparatus makes use of at least one lithium-doped, solid state, organic scintillator detector element. A readout device is included which is coupled to the lithium-doped, solid state, organic scintillator detector element for collecting information received by the lithium-doped, solid state, organic scintillator detector element. The lithium-doped neutron multiplicity counter apparatus is sensitive to thermal neutrons, fast neutrons and gamma-rays for carrying out neutron multiplicity counting.

This invention discloses a SiC-based neutron detection system for a radiation-resistant reactor core, comprising a detection device, a wireless communication device, and an industrial control computer. The wireless communication device includes a transmitter module, an antenna module, and a receiver module. The transmitter communicates wirelessly with the receiver through the antenna module, which includes a millimeter-wave transmitting antenna array and a receiving antenna array. The transmitter module converts logic-level pulse train signals into microwave signals and outputs the microwave signals to the millimeter-wave transmitting antenna array. The millimeter-wave transmitting antenna array outputs corresponding millimeter-wave signals that penetrate the reactor core wall and reach the receiving antenna array. The receiver module receives the penetrating signals through the receiving antenna array, amplifies, filters, detects, and shapes them, and then outputs them to the industrial control computer for processing and display. The neutron detection system provided by this invention ensures that the wireless communication device can operate stably for extended periods under high radiation fields, essentially overcoming the signal interference problem of wireless communication technology.

To provide a radiation detector capable of improving the energy resolution of a plurality of pixel electrodes located at the peripheral part of a radiation detector in a multichannel-type radiation detector.SOLUTION: A radiation detector includes: a first part including, in this order, a first electrode part, a semiconductor crystal part, and a second electrode part facing the first electrode portion; and a second part provided so as to surround a side surface of the semiconductor crystal part. The second part includes, in this order from the side surface of the semiconductor crystal part, an insulating layer and a conductive layer, and the second electrode part includes a plurality of pixel electrodes.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

To provide a sensor for detecting particles.SOLUTION: A sensor comprises a silicon wafer substrate and a charge detection layer mounted on the silicon wafer substrate, and the charge detection layer has a plurality of individual pixel sensors. The sensor further includes a converter material. The converter material is operable to interact with particles of a first type and generate a reaction. The reaction generates charged particles, and the charge detection layer is configured to detect the charged particles generated by the reaction. Further, the sensor comprises a substrate layer operable to screen particles of a second type. The converter material is coated on a lower surface of the substrate layer so that the converter material faces the charge detection layer and an air gap is formed between the converter material and the charge detection layer.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 10

The invention discloses a mixed radiation measurement device and a neutron dose measurement method, and the device comprises a housing and an inner core. The surface of the shell comprises a window; a cadmium filter disc is arranged on the window; the inner core comprises a solid track detection element and a thermoluminescence element group; when the inner core is arranged in the shell, the thermoluminescence element group is positioned below the window, and the solid track detection element is staggered from an area provided with the window; the thermoluminescence element group comprises at least one incidence group thermoluminescence element and at least one reflection group thermoluminescence element. The mixed radiation measurement device provided by the invention gives consideration to measurement of photons and neutrons.

Method for measuring hadron fluence with a Field Programmable Gate Array - FPGA (10), wherein the FPGA device (10) comprises a fabric of programmable logic resources, a configuration memory (11) based on Static Random Access Memory - SRAM, wherein the SRAM-based configuration memory (11) is susceptible of hadron-induced single event upsets (SEUs) by indirect ionization, the cross-section per SRAM of the SRAM-based configuration memory (11) having been determined for at least one given particle in an energy range of interest and supply voltage range of the FPGA; wherein the method comprises: determining the hadron fluence as a function of said cross-section and of the count of SEUs in the SRAM -based configuration memory (11) using a read-out logic implemented in the FPGA fabric.

The invention relates to an online single-sphere neutron spectrometer based on a thermal neutron detector. The online single-sphere neutron spectrometer comprises a spherical moderator, a detector and a metal layer, the number of the detectors is multiple, the multiple detectors are distributed at the positions, away from the sphere center by different depths, in the spherical moderator and at the sphere center of the spherical moderator, and the multiple detectors are arranged at the same depth. The metal layer is of a spherical shell structure, is concentric with the spherical moderator, and is located between the detectors with different depths. According to the invention, based on the arrangement of a plurality of detectors in the same moderator, the neutron detection in different energy ranges can be completed at one time, the structure is simple, the use is convenient, and the angle response is low; the metal layers are arranged between the detector layers with different depths, so that the response to high-energy neutrons can be improved, the detection energy range can be expanded, the response to neutrons in a low-energy region can be ensured, and the neutron radiation protection device can be suitable for neutron radiation protection in the fields of medical treatment and nuclear power and in the field of universe science and technology spaceflight.

The present application belongs to the field of geological exploration, and discloses a device for logging while drilling based on muon imaging technology; the device comprises an outer shell, an inner cylinder and a muon detector, wherein the inner cylinder is coaxially nested in the outer shell, and a relatively sealed detection space is formed between the inner cylinder and the outer shell; the muon detector is arranged in the detection space; the muon detector comprises a scintillator assembly coaxially sleeved and arranged in the detection space and a photodetector arranged on the inner side of the scintillator assembly, wherein the scintillator assembly is made of a scintillator material resistant to high temperature above 140 DEG C, and the inner wall of the detection space is provided with a heat insulation layer. The present application can be widely applied to oil and gas exploration, mineral resources investigation and underground structure detection, and can improve the detection depth and imaging accuracy of logging while drilling.

The present application belongs to the technical field of neutron source beam line measurement, and particularly relates to a white light neutron source beam line real-time monitor and a monitoring method. The white light neutron source beam line real-time monitor comprises a combined parallel plate avalanche detector subsystem for monitoring a wide-spectrum white light neutron beam line of a spallation reaction, and further comprises a low-pressure self-balancing feedback flow gas subsystem and a signal support subsystem connected with the combined parallel plate avalanche detector subsystem. The spallation reaction is obtained by proton targeting generated by an accelerator. The present application adopts multiple neutron detection materials, which can cover wide-energy-area white light neutrons from thermal neutrons to hundreds of MeV neutrons, and meets the needs of most application scenarios. Meanwhile, the selected nuclides have overlapping intervals, which can be mutually checked to ensure the reliability of the neutron measurement results.