Controller for electric vehicle

A technology of electric vehicle controller and cruise control, which is applied in electric vehicles, electronic commutation motor control, control driving, etc., can solve problems such as inconvenience of use and inability to start the motor, and achieve convenient use, ensure reliability, and good anti-theft function. Effect

Inactive Publication Date: 2009-04-15
常州市美信电子有限公司
3 Cites 14 Cited by

AI-Extracted Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0005] When the above-mentioned controller of the prior art is applied to an electric vehicle, especially an electric bicycle, if the handle or the brake handle of the ...
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Abstract

In order to make an electric vehicle used normally when a rolling handle, a brake lever and/or a Hall element of an electric motor are damaged, the invention provides a controller for the electric vehicle. The controller comprises a central control unit, a driving circuit connected with a motor control output end of the central control unit for controlling a brushless motor, a rolling handle control input circuit connected with a rotating speed control input end of the central control unit, and a cruise switch connected with a cruise control input end of the central control unit, wherein the rolling handle control input circuit is connected with the rolling handle for controlling the rotating speed of the electric motor; when the central control unit detects that voltage at the rolling handle control input end is not within a preset range, the central control unit judges out that the rolling handle control input circuit or the rolling handle fails and then enters into a cruise control mode, namely, only when the cruise switch is shut off, the central control unit controls the brushless motor to rotate at a preset rotating speed through the driving circuit, and the preset rotating speed is generally half of the maximum velocity when the electric vehicle runs normally.

Application Domain

Technology Topic

Electric vehicleControl pattern +8

Image

  • Controller for electric vehicle
  • Controller for electric vehicle

Examples

  • Experimental program(1)

Example Embodiment

[0020] (Example 1)
[0021] See figure 1 -2, the electric vehicle controller of this embodiment includes: a central control unit 1, a cruise switch 2, a brake handle detection circuit 3, a handlebar control input circuit 4, a power lock detection circuit 5, a back EMF detection circuit 6, a Hall detection circuit Circuit 7, reversing switch 8, sound and light alarm circuit 9, battery voltage detection circuit 10, remote control receiving module 11 and drive circuit 12 for controlling the rotation of the brushless motor.
[0022] The central control unit 1 adopts a single-chip microcomputer with a model of cy8c24533, and the drive circuit 12 is connected to the motor control output end of the central control unit 1 (that is, the pins P12-13, P16-17 and P22-23 of the single-chip microcomputer), and the control input circuit 4 is connected to The speed control input terminal of the central control unit 1 (that is, the P00 pin of the single-chip microcomputer) is connected, and the cruise switch 2 is connected to the cruise control input terminal of the central control unit 1 (that is, the P14 pin of the single-chip microcomputer); the handle control input circuit 4 (including: resistance R20 and R31) are used to connect with the handle ZB that controls the speed of the motor.
[0023] When the central control unit 1 detects that the voltage at its handlebar control input is not within the preset range, it determines that the handlebar control input circuit 4 or the handlebar is faulty, and the central control unit 1 enters the cruise control mode, that is: only When the cruise switch 2 is closed (that is, the P14 pin of the single-chip microcomputer is at a low level), the central control unit 1 controls the brushless motor to rotate at a preset speed through the drive circuit 12, and the preset speed is generally the maximum speed when the electric vehicle is running normally. half, eg 20Km/h.
[0024] The brake handle detection end of the central control unit 1 (that is, the P11 pin of the single-chip microcomputer) is connected with a brake handle detection circuit 3, and the control input end of the brake handle detection circuit 3 is used for connecting with the brake handle of the electric vehicle for braking; when The central control unit 1 measures that its brake handle detection terminal is at a low level, and the central control unit 1 detects through its handlebar control input terminal that the handlebar is continuously pulled four times (that is, the voltage change of its handlebar control input terminal is changed by 0.8V to 3.5V changes for 4 consecutive times), it is judged that the brake lever detection circuit 3 or the brake lever is faulty, and the central control unit 1 enters the cruise control mode.
[0025]The central control unit 1 has a fault signal output terminal (that is, the P15 pin of the single-chip microcomputer), which is connected with an acousto-optic alarm circuit 9; Through the sound and light alarm circuit 9, an alarm signal indicating damage to the handle is output; when it is determined that the brake handle detection circuit 3 or the brake handle is faulty, the central control unit 1 outputs an alarm signal indicating the damage to the brake handle through the sound and light alarm circuit 9. . The alarm signal can be a corresponding number of beep signals, or a voice prompt.
[0026] The central control unit 1 has a back-EMF detection terminal (that is, pins P25-27 of the single-chip microcomputer), which is connected with a back-EMF detection circuit 6 for detecting the back-EMF of each stator winding of the brushless motor; the back-EMF detection circuit 6 includes 3 Three groups of comparator circuits connected to the stator windings: U1B, U1C and U1D. The central control unit 1 also has a power lock detection terminal (ie, the P05 pin of the single-chip microcomputer), which is connected to the power lock detection circuit 5; the power lock detection circuit 5 is composed of a voltage lock POWER LOCK, resistors R35 and R27, and diode D4.
[0027] If the central control unit 1 detects that the power lock is disconnected through the power lock detection circuit 5 and the cruise switch 2 is closed for more than 1 second, the central control unit 1 enters the first anti-theft working state, that is, if the central control unit 1 If it is detected that the back EMF detection circuit 6 has a voltage output, the burglar alarm signal is output through the sound and light alarm circuit 9 .
[0028] The central control unit 1 has Hall signal input terminals (that is, pins P20, 21 and 24 of the single-chip microcomputer), which are connected with a Hall detection circuit 7 for detecting the output signal from the Hall element in the brushless motor; the central control The unit 1 also has a remote control signal input terminal (that is, the P31 pin of the single-chip microcomputer), which is connected with the remote control receiving module 11; the central control unit 1 receives the anti-theft control command from the outside through the remote control receiving module 11, and the central control unit 1 enters the second anti-theft work. state, that is: when the central control unit 1 detects that the back EMF detection circuit 6 has voltage output, the burglar alarm signal is output through the sound and light alarm circuit 9; The brushless motor is controlled by the drive circuit 12 to rotate in the opposite direction.
[0029] When the central control unit 1 does not receive the anti-theft control command, but detects that the power lock is disconnected and the cruise switch 2 is closed for more than 1 second, the central control unit 1 enters the third anti-theft working state, that is: when the central control unit 1. It is detected by the Hall detection circuit 7 that the brushless motor rotates due to external force, then according to the wheel steering detected by the Hall detection circuit, the central control unit 1 controls the brushless motor to rotate in the opposite direction through the drive circuit 12.
[0030] The central control unit 1 can also receive the “command to release the anti-theft working state” from the outside through the remote control receiving module 11, so that the central control unit 1 is in a non-theft working state; it can also receive the “car search command” to pass the sound and light alarm circuit. 9. Output the corresponding sound and light signal, which is convenient for the owner to find the car.
[0031] The central control unit 1 has a reversing control input terminal (ie, pin P10 of the microcontroller), which is connected with a reversing switch 8; when the reversing switch 8 is closed, the central control unit 1 controls the brushless motor to reverse through the drive circuit 12.
[0032] When the central control unit 1 determines that the handlebar control input circuit 4 or the handlebar, and the brake handle detection circuit 3 or the brake handle are faulty, and the cruise switch 2 is measured to be opened and closed 4 times in a row (that is, the P14 pin of the microcontroller is continuously high and low level). 4 times alternately), the central control unit 1 controls the brushless motor to rotate at a preset speed through the drive circuit 12 .
[0033] The central control unit 1 has a battery voltage signal input terminal, which is connected with a battery voltage detection circuit 10; when the central control unit 1 detects a battery undervoltage through the battery voltage detection circuit 10, the drive circuit 12 stops supplying power to the brushless motor; If the central control unit 1 detects that the cruise switch 2 is continuously opened and closed 7 times and the brake lever detection terminal is at a low level (that is, the brake lever is braked), the central control unit 1 enters the forced driving state, that is, the central control unit 1 The control driving circuit 12 starts to supply power to the brushless motor, and can correspondingly halve the amount of current flowing through the brushless motor.
[0034] When the central control unit 1 detects through the Hall detection circuit 7 that the Hall element in the brushless motor is faulty, the central control unit 1 controls the brushless motor to rotate through the drive circuit 12 according to the back EMF signal measured by the back EMF detection circuit 9 .
[0035] The cruise switch 2, the brake handle detection circuit 3 and the reversing switch 8 are connected to the switch control panel KG. The central control unit 1 has a booster signal input terminal, which is connected to the 1+1 booster.
[0036] The electric vehicle controller of this embodiment also has a motor self-identification and learning function: the default matching standard of the controller is a motor with a phase of 120 degrees. If a non-standard motor is required, its self-identification and learning function is as follows:
[0037] 1. First cut off the battery power;
[0038] 2. Stop the brake handle, turn the handle to the highest speed, and press and hold the cruise button to turn on the power lock;
[0039] 3. Turn on the battery power;
[0040] 4. When you hear 2 alarms, turn the motor forward and reverse each time. If the learning pairing is successful at this time, it will alarm once;
[0041] 5. If the motor is reversed, exchange any two motor phase lines and repeat the above steps.
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