Method for preparing porous carbon electrode material

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of carbon material preparations, which relates to a method for preparing a porous carbon electrode material with large capacitance by using peanuts shells as a raw material. The electrode material prepared by the method is used for preparing a super capacitor and a lithium ion battery. The method comprises the steps of porous carbon preparation, porouscarbon electrode preparation, porous carbon electrode testing, charging and discharging performances of a battery testing and the like. In the method, the peanut shells are washed and dried; the peanut shells are cut into pieces; the pieces are placed into an alkaline solution for soaking; the soaked pieces are placed into a resistance furnace for carbonization; and hydrofluoric acid treatment isperformed to prepare the porous carbon and the porous carbon is ground into powder serving as a material for preparing the porous carbon electrode, wherein the superficial area of the prepared porouscarbon material is large and mostly porous; when the porous carbon electrode is prepared by using the porous carbon material, the porous carbon electrode has the advantages that the capacitance can reach a high capacitance about 400 F / g when the current intensity is 1A / g, the capacitance loss rate is small after charging and discharging repeatedly at a large current intensity, the raw material isobtained, the preparing process is simple, the porous effect is good, the prepared porous carbon electrode material performance is strong and the like.

Description

Technical field: [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of carbon material preparation, and relates to a method for preparing a large-capacity porous carbon electrode material using peanut shells as a raw material. The electrode material is used in the preparation of supercapacitors and lithium-ion batteries. Background technique: [0002] In recent years, the application of high-performance electrical energy storage devices in many fields with demanding chemical power requirements, such as hybrid electric vehicles and backup power supplies, has attracted extensive attention. Due to the low efficiency of traditional capacitors, which cannot store enough energy in a limited volume and weight, the study of supercapacitors has attracted worldwide research interest. Supercapacitor (supercapacitor), also known as electrochemical capacitor (electrochemicalcapacitor), is a new type of energy storage element, including electric double layer capacitor and pseudocapacitor...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

At present, porous carbon electrode materials are one of the most commonly used electrode materials for electric double-layer capacitor research. Although activated carbon has a large specific surface area, most of them are microporous, which is not conducive to the entry and exit of ions with large atomic radii, thus limiting the use of activated carbon electrode materials. Capacitance, generally speaking, the capacitance of activated carbon electrodes in aqueous electrolytes will not exceed 45F / g; ordered mesoporous materials can increase the capacitance of electric double layer capacitors, and mesoporous silicon can be used as a template to prepare mesoporous carbon, but this The process of this method is too complicated, and the quality of the prepared electrode material is difficult to guarantee

In recent years, the use of biological materials to directly prepare porous carbon has emerged. Béguin et al. used sodium alginate to prepare porous carbon materials with a capacitance of 200 F / g at 600 ° C. Yong-Jung Kim et al. used bamboo treated with sodium hydroxide Porous carbon materials with a capacitance lower than 70F / g were prepared at 800°C. The capacitance capacity prepared by using these porous carbon materials is not high, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of modern electrode materials and electromotive force development.

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