Novel cathode lining structure for aluminum electrolysis cell

Abstract

The invention relates to a novel cathode lining structure for an aluminum electrolysis cell, which is characterized in that: a cathode block support boss is arranged on an impermeable layer; the bottoms of cathode blocks are arranged on the cathode block support boss; gaps through which aluminum liquid can pass up and down are reserved among lateral parts of the adjacent cathode blocks; and aluminum liquid circulating grooves are formed among the upper part of the impermeable layer and the bottoms of the cathode blocks. The peripheries of the cathode blocks can be heated by the aluminum liquid in an electrolytic cell bath during aluminum electrolysis production, so that the electrical resistivity of the cathode blocks is reduced, the contact surface areas for conducting current of the cathode blocks and the aluminum liquid are enlarged, and the density of the current conducted by the aluminum liquid is improved; magnetic vortexes of the aluminum liquid, generated on the bottom of the electrolytic cell bath, play a role in clearing and washing away sediments, and simultaneously the cathode blocks can also play a role in blocking the magnetic vortexes of the aluminum liquid above the bottoms of the cathode blocks, so that horizontal fluctuation between the aluminum liquid and an electrolyte interface is reduced, the effects of reducing electrolytic polar distance and setting low voltage are achieved, and the aim of reducing the power consumption in the production of electrolytic aluminum is fulfilled.

Description

technical field [0001] A new type of aluminum electrolytic cell cathode lining structure is mainly used in the construction of prebaked aluminum electrolytic cells and the production of electrolytic aluminum. Background technique [0002] The current general-purpose aluminum electrolytic cell cathode conductive lining structure consists of an aluminum electrolytic cell cathode structure consisting of an electrolytic cell steel shell, insulation layer, refractory layer, bottom anti-leakage material layer, side carbon block, tamping paste, and cathode steel Composed of rods and cathode carbon blocks combined masonry, in the steel shell of the aluminum electrolytic cell, on the insulation layer and anti-leakage material layer, in the middle of the carbon block on the side of the ring, at the bottom of the molten aluminum pool, between two adjacent carbon blocks The gaps between the blocks are filled with tamping paste, and a plurality of cathode carbon blocks are tamped to form...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] 1. The aluminum liquid in the electrolytic cell is placed on the upper surface of the cathode carbon block. The temperature difference between the upper and lower parts of the cathode carbon block in the electrolytic cell is large, and the overall thermal balance of the cathode lining is difficult to achieve, resulting in a high resistance of the cathode carbon block itself. The bottom voltage drop increases;

[0004] 2. The molten aluminum as the cathode conductor in the molten pool of the electrolytic tank only contacts the upper surface of the inner lining of the cathode carbon block, and the conductive area of ​​the cathode carbon block is small, resulting in low conductivity efficiency of the overall structure of the inner lining of the cathode carbon block, and it is difficult to increase the electrolytic current density ;

[0005] 3. The connection between the cathode carbon blocks of the electrolytic cell is combined by tamping. Due to the different physical and chemical properties of the materials, the leakage of aluminum liquid and electrolyte is easy to occur at the joint of the two carbon blocks; resulting in the fusing of the cathode steel rod and the leakage of the tank. happened

Cathode carbon blocks are connected by seam paste tamping, not only the tamping process is complicated, but also the service life of the cathode lining is short

[0006] 4. The upper surface of the cathode carbon block of the electrolytic cell is set as a horizontal plane. During the production process, the aluminum liquid on the upper part of the cathode lining of the electrolytic cell will generate a magnetic swirl flow of the aluminum liquid under the action of a magnetic field, causing the aluminum liquid to fluctuate, resulting in The setting of the electrolyte pole distance is increased, and the voltage setting is increased, resulting in an increase in the power consumption of the electrolytic aluminum process

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