Beam controllable lens and Vivaldi antenna

Abstract

The invention discloses a beam controllable Vivaldi antenna. The antenna comprises a dielectric substrate and a copper foil which covers the dielectric substrate and comprises a horn-shaped opening. A cylindrical lens is arranged at the horn-shaped opening. The lens comprises two parts along a longitudinal direction. The refractive index of the first part of the lens is 1-1.1. The refractive index of the second part of the lens is shown as an equation in the specification, wherein x represents the position of a horizontal ordinate by taking the circle centre of the lens as the origin of a coordinate axis; and y represents the position of a vertical ordinate by taking the circle centre of the lens as the origin of the coordinate axis. After translating for 14 mm along the horizontal ordinate direction of the coordinate axis, the circle centre of the lens and a space in which the original lens is located form an interface which is a separating surface of the first part and the second part. The antenna disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simplicity for manufacture and convenience for processing. The traditional beam control is generally realized by using a plurality of antennas to form a phase array, thus, the complexity of a system is increased and the manufacture process is fussy, but, the refractive index of an equivalent medium can be adjusted and controlled conveniently by utilizing a perforated dielectric slab, therefore, the requirements of the lens can be satisfied.

Description

technical field The invention belongs to the field of antennas and novel artificial electromagnetic materials, and in particular relates to a lens and a Vivaldi antenna for controllable beam directions in microwave frequency bands. Background technique New artificial electromagnetic materials (Metamaterials) are electromagnetic materials that can be artificially designed to meet the requirements of specific equivalent permittivity and magnetic permeability. More than ten years of development has made new artificial electromagnetic materials out of the laboratory, and has broad application prospects in stealth and antenna design. The Vivaldi antenna is a slot-line antenna whose openings are distributed according to exponential gradients. Due to its planar structure and ultra-wideband characteristics, it has many applications in practical problems. The beam steering of the traditional Vivaldi antenna is generally implemented by using multiple antennas to form a phased array, ...