Method and apparatus for laser lithotripsy

Abstract

A system and method for the destruction/ablation of stones, calculi or other hard substances by means of laser energy is disclosed. As a consequence, several important medical treatments can be performed, especially lithotripsy. The system comprises a diode laser source emitting at least at one wavelength, one or more optical fibers which convey laser radiation to the treatment site and a liquid delivery system used for creating a liquid environment around the stones (calculi). The laser device emits at least one wavelength which is highly absorbed in the surrounding/covering medium, thus causing evaporation and cavitation effects that lead to stone/calculi destruction. Different radiation configurations may be used. In one embodiment continuous radiation is used to create sparkler-less plasma bubbles able to destroy hard substances.; In another embodiment high peak power pulsed radiation is used. Wavelengths of 1470 nm, 1940 nm, or 1550 nm are preferred. Additionally it can be applied in combination with another wavelength with medium absorption in water such as 980 nm. In another embodiment a concentric double core fiber is used, in which the ignition radiation is guided in near single mode, inner core and the radiation used to maintain and enhance the pulse is guided into the surrounding second outer core. In another preferred embodiment, the use of multiple optical fibers allows for treating larger stones in a shorter time period. In another preferred embodiment, cooling liquid is supplied to the impact site to further reduce thermal heating of the stone, thus diminishing risks of tissue damage caused by stone fragment anchorage and thermal energy.; With these safer and improved methods and system, enhanced lithotripsy treatments can be performed in a shorter treatment time, destroying a wider range of stones with less risk of tissue damage, and less patient and physician stress.

Description

[0001] Domestic priority under 35USC 119(e). [0002] This patent application claims U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 61 / 119,190, filed December 2, 2008, by Leonardo Cecchetti, Walter Cecchetti, and Wolfgang Neuberger, entitled "Method and Device for Laser Lithotripsy," and additionally by Leonardo Cecchetti, Benefit and Priority of US Serial No. 12 / 628,634, "Method and Device for Laser Lithotripsy," filed December 1, 2009, by Walter Cecchetti, and Wolfgang Neuberger, all of which are incorporated herein by reference. technical field [0003] The present invention relates to minimally invasive devices and methods for use in laser therapy. More specifically, the present invention relates to lithotripsy based on laser radiation. Background technique [0004] Calculi, or stones, are the result of material, usually mineral salts, that form in internal organs or ducts. They can cause a variety of medical disorders through several mechanisms: [0005] -Irritates n...

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However, an important drawback of this laser is that the energy produced has an equally pow

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