Design method of high-precision direction-finding array structure

Abstract

The invention relates to a design method of an array structure for direction of arrival estimation. The layout of a non-equidistant array is realized through optimizing an array element position. The design method comprises the following several steps: determining minimum array element spacing d<min>, a maximum array element position d<max> and the quantity N of used array elements; calculating an array adjustable array laying-out distance D which is equal to d<max>-(N-1)d<min>; optimally designing an array which is represented by a performance parameter G and a side lobe or a grating lobe height; and outputting an existing optimal result, and the like. By using the design method, through an optimization design, under the condition that the array element spacing is guaranteed to be not less than some specific value, a direction-finding array reaches the optimization between the direction-finding precision and a spatial spectral pseudo peak height; a proper array designed by adopting the method can synchronously realize a lower spatial spectral pseudo peak and the higher direction-finding precision under the condition of fewer array elements; the array element spacing can be enabled to break through half-wavelength limitation, thereby reducing the mutual coupling effect between the array elements and improving the direction-finding precision; a certain space is also preserved for enlarging the apertures of the array elements to detect a weaker signal; and an effective optimization design method is provided.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of transmitting signals that can be detected by a non-directional receiver to determine the relative direction and position of the transmitter, and relates to an array structure design method for Direction of Arrival (DOA) estimation. Background technique [0002] Direction of Arrival (DOA) estimation plays a very important role in electronic countermeasures, underwater acoustic countermeasures and new generation wireless communications. Commonly used DOA estimation methods include interferometer direction finding for a single radiation source and spatial spectrum estimation for multiple radiation sources. These methods are all array-dependent, and the array structure is shown in the appendix figure 1 shown. The interferometer array is generally a non-equidistant array of 3 to 5 elements, and the direction of the radiation source is estimated by deblurring the phase difference when the radiation source num...

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Problems solved by technology

Such an array mainly has the following disadvantages: (1) The mutual coupling effect between the array elements is large, which is not good for the estimation of the direction of arrival; (2) It is difficult to install the array when the array element size is large such as the aperture, and it is impossible to use a large aperture array element to receive more Weak signal; (3) In order to achieve high-precision DOA estimation, the effective aperture of the array needs to be increased, which requires more array elements and is expensive

In order to reduce the number of array elements under large array aperture, non-equidistant linear arrays such as minimum redundancy array, maximum continuous delay array, and minimum gap array have been designed, but the minimum element spacing of these non-equidistant arrays is still half-wavelength, and the spacing of other array elements is an integer multiple of half-wavelength, such an array still cannot overcome the first two deficiencies of the equidistant linear array

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