Preparation method for Lucas reagent

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method for a Lucas reagent and relates to a simple, convenient and fast preparation method for a high-sensitivity Lucas reagent. The invention aims to overcome the problems that preparation of Lucas reagents is cumbersome and time-consuming and that the prepared Lucas reagents have poor sensitivity and a low practical success rate in the prior art. The method comprises the following steps: boiling sea sand with a sodium hydroxide solution having a concentration of 6 mol/L and hydrochloric acid, rinsing the sea sand until the sea sand is neutral, and drying the sea sand for subsequent usage; weighing zinc chloride, putting zinc chloride in an evaporating dish, allowing zinc chloride to turn into transparent liquid under intense heating, adding the sea sand, carrying out uniform stirring, taking the evaporating dish off a heating source, continuing stirring to enable a mixture to disperse into particles as small as possible, and cooling the particles in a drier; taking out the particles after the particles are cooled to room temperature, pouring the particles into a reagent bottle, adding cold concentrated hydrochloric acid, sealing the reagent bottle with a preservative film, placing the reagent bottle in ice water bath, shaking the reagent bottle so as to accelerate the dissolving of zinc chloride, pouring obtained supernatant into another ground glass reagent bottle after zinc chloride is completely dissolved, and covering the ground glass reagent bottle with a bottle stopper. It is simple and fast to prepare the Lucas reagent by using the method; and the prepared Lucas reagent has a high concentration, high reaction sensitivity and a greatly improved practical success rate.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a preparation method of Lucas reagent, in particular to a simple, rapid and highly sensitive preparation method of Lucas reagent. technical background [0002] Lucas reagent reacts with alcohol to form insoluble chlorinated hydrocarbons, and primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols (CnH 2n+1 OH, n≤6), the Lucas test has been an important part of the alcohol property experiment since it came out in 1930. The nucleophilic substitution reaction mechanism for the reaction of alcohols with Lucas reagents can be expressed as follows: [0003] [0004] As can be seen from this, hydrogen chloride and zinc chloride have all participated in the reaction process, and the concentration of zinc chloride and hydrochloric acid in the reagent is an important factor determining the reaction rate. Zinc chloride and concentrated hydrochloric acid should not only have an appropriate ratio, but also should have a sufficiently high concentratio...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0015] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that traditional Lucas reagent preparation is loaded down with trivial details and time-consuming and the sensitivity of reagent is poor, and practical success rate is low, provides a kind of new preparation method of Lucas reagent, the Lucas reagent prepared according to this method, its The preparation is simple and fast, and the concentration of the prepared reagent is high, with high reaction sensitivity, and the practical success rate is greatly improved

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